Related papers: Chip-Firing and Riemann-Roch Theory for Directed G…

Baker and Norine proved a Riemann--Roch theorem for divisors on undirected graphs. The notions of graph divisor theory are in duality with the notions of the chip-firing game of Bj\"orner, Lov\'asz and Shor. We use this connection to prove…

The dollar game is a chip-firing game introduced by Baker and Norine (2007) as a context in which to formulate and prove the Riemann-Roch theorem for graphs. A divisor on a graph is a formal integer sum of vertices. Each determines a dollar…

Baker and Norine introduced a graph-theoretic analogue of the Riemann-Roch theory. A central notion in this theory is the rank of a divisor. In this paper we prove that computing the rank of a divisor on a graph is NP-hard. The…

The paper by M. Baker and S. Norine in 2007 introduced a new parameter on configurations of graphs and gave a new result in the theory of graphs which has an algebraic geometry flavour. This result was called Riemann-Roch formula for graphs…

It is well-known that a finite graph can be viewed, in many respects, as a discrete analogue of a Riemann surface. In this paper, we pursue this analogy further in the context of linear equivalence of divisors. In particular, we formulate…

In this thesis we study toric rank functions for chip firing games and prove special cases of a conjectural Riemann-Roch. The original motivation for an investigation into this area of study came for the adaptation (due to Matt Baker) of…

In 1992, Bitar and Goles introduced the parallel chip-firing game on undirected graphs. Two years later, Prisner extended the game to directed graphs. While the properties of parallel chip-firing games on undirected graphs have been…

We give a rigorous and self-contained survey of the abelian sandpile model and rotor-router model on finite directed graphs, highlighting the connections between them. We present several intriguing open problems.

In [1] M. Baker and S. Norine developed a theory of divisors and linear systems on graphs, and proved a Riemann-Roch Theorem for these objects (conceived as integer-valued functions on the vertices). In [2] and [3] the authors generalized…

We study the interplay between chip-firing games and potential theory on graphs, characterizing reduced divisors ($G$-parking functions) on graphs as the solution to an energy (or potential) minimization problem and providing an algorithm…

The Riemann-Roch theorem on a graph G is related to Alexander duality in combinatorial commutive algebra. We study the lattice ideal given by chip firing on G and the initial ideal whose standard monomials are the G-parking functions. When…

Kirchhoff's matrix-tree theorem states that the number of spanning trees of a graph G is equal to the value of the determinant of the reduced Laplacian of $G$. We outline an efficient bijective proof of this theorem, by studying a canonical…

The Chip-firing game is a discrete dynamical system played on a graph, in which chips move along edges according to a simple local rule. Properties of the underlying graph are of course useful to the understanding of the game, but since a…

The parallel chip-firing game is a periodic automaton on graphs in which vertices "fire" chips to their neighbors. In 1989, Bitar conjectured that the period of a parallel chip-firing game with n vertices is at most n. Though this…

In [5], Holroyd, Levine, M\'esz\'aros, Peres, Propp and Wilson characterize recurrent chip-and-rotor configurations for strongly connected digraphs. However, the number of steps needed to recur, and the number of orbits is left open for…

A new bound (Theorem \ref{thm:main}) for the duration of the chip-firing game with $N$ chips on a $n$-vertex graph is obtained, by a careful analysis of the pseudo-inverse of the discrete Laplacian matrix of the graph. This new bound is…

Motivated by the notion of chip-firing on the dual graph of a planar graph, we consider `integral flow chip-firing' on an arbitrary graph $G$. The chip-firing rule is governed by ${\mathcal L}^*(G)$, the dual Laplacian of $G$ determined by…

A Riemann-Roch theorem on graph was initiated by M. Baker and S. Norine. In their article [2], a Riemann-Roch theorem on a finite graph with uniform vertex-weight and uniform edge-weight was established and it was suggested a Riemann-Roch…

We study chip-firing on a signed graph $G_\phi$, employing a general theory of chip-firing on invertible matrices introduced by Guzm\'an and Klivans. Here a negative edge designates an adversarial relationship, so that firing a vertex…

Chip-firing is a combinatorial game played on a graph in which we place and disperse chips on vertices until a stable state is reached. We study a chip-firing variant played on an infinite rooted directed $k$-ary tree, where we place…