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Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) distributions are complex software systems, made of thousands packages that evolve rapidly, independently, and without centralized coordination. During packages upgrades, corner case failures can be…
The modelling and analysis of biological systems has deep roots in Mathematics, specifically in the field of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Alternative approaches based on formal calculi, often derived from process algebras or term…
The in-vehicle diagnostic and software update system, which supports remote diagnostic and Over-The-Air (OTA) software updates, is a critical attack goal in automobiles. Adversaries can inject malicious software into vehicles or steal…
Computer networks have become a critical infrastructure. In fact, networks should not only meet strict requirements in terms of correctness, availability, and performance, but they should also be very flexible and support fast updates,…
Although App updates are frequent and software engineers would like to verify updated features only, automated testing techniques verify entire Apps and are thus wasting resources. We present Continuous Adaptation of Learned Models (CALM),…
The dynamics of belief and knowledge is one of the major components of any autonomous system that should be able to incorporate new pieces of information. We show that knowledge base dynamics has interesting connection with kernel change…
Maintaining an acceptable level of quality of service in modern complex systems is challenging, particularly in the presence of various forms of uncertainty caused by changing execution context, unpredicted events, etc. Although…
Contract-based design is a method to facilitate modular system design. While there has been substantial progress on the theory of contracts, there has been less progress on scalable algorithms for the algebraic operations in this theory. In…
A gradual type system allows developers to declare certain types to be enforced by the compiler (i.e., statically typed), while leaving other types to be enforced via runtime checks (i.e., dynamically typed). When runtime checks fail,…
Prediction models frequently face the challenge of concept drift, in which the underlying data distribution changes over time, weakening performance. Examples can include models which predict loan default, or those used in healthcare…
We consider a system where the updates from independent sources are disseminated via a publish-subscribe mechanism. The sources are the publishers and a decision process (DP), acting as a subscriber, derives decision updates from the source…
This study investigates the use of fractional order differential models to simulate the dynamic response of non-homogeneous discrete systems and to achieve efficient and accurate model order reduction. The traditional integer order approach…
Continual instruction tuning enables large language models (LLMs) to learn incrementally while retaining past knowledge, whereas existing methods primarily focus on how to retain old knowledge rather than on selecting which new knowledge to…
A parallel computer system is a collection of processing elements that communicate and cooperate to solve large computational problems efficiently. To achieve this, at first the large computational problem is partitioned into several tasks…
Critical systems require high reliability and are present in many domains. They are systems in which failure may result in financial damage or even loss of lives. Standard techniques of software engineering are not enough to ensure the…
We propose a hybrid probabilistic process calculus for modelling and reasoning on cyber-physical systems (CPSs). The dynamics of the calculus is expressed in terms of a probabilistic labelled transition system in the SOS style of Plotkin.…
Digital twins are models of real-world systems that can simulate their dynamics in response to potential actions. In complex settings, the state and action variables, and available data and knowledge relevant to a system can constantly…
Once there is a decision of rebalancing or updating a portfolio of funds, the process of changing the current portfolio to the target one, involves a set of transactions that are susceptible of being optimized. This is particularly relevant…
Reusable software components need expressive specifications. This paper outlines a rigorous foundation to model-based contracts, a method to equip classes with strong contracts that support accurate design, implementation, and formal…
Software systems are widely observed to grow in size, complexity, and interdependence over time, yet many large-scale systems remain stable despite persistent structural burden. This apparent tension suggests a limitation in one-dimensional…