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We report the first measurement of the azimuthal anisotropy of J$/\psi$ at forward rapidity ($1.2<|\eta|<2.2$) in Au$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The data were collected by the PHENIX…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2024-09-20 PHENIX Collaboration , N. J. Abdulameer , U. Acharya , A. Adare , C. Aidala , N. N. Ajitanand , Y. Akiba , M. Alfred , S. Antsupov , K. Aoki , N. Apadula , H. Asano , C. Ayuso , B. Azmoun , V. Babintsev , M. Bai , N. S. Bandara , B. Bannier , E. Bannikov , K. N. Barish , S. Bathe , A. Bazilevsky , M. Beaumier , S. Beckman , R. Belmont , A. Berdnikov , Y. Berdnikov , L. Bichon , B. Blankenship , D. S. Blau , M. Boer , J. S. Bok , V. Borisov , K. Boyle , M. L. Brooks , J. Bryslawskyj , V. Bumazhnov , C. Butler , S. Campbell , V. Canoa Roman , C. -H. Chen , D. Chen , M. Chiu , C. Y. Chi , I. J. Choi , J. B. Choi , T. Chujo , Z. Citron , M. Connors , R. Corliss , M. Csanád , T. Csörgő , L. D. Liu , T. W. Danley , A. Datta , M. S. Daugherity , G. David , K. DeBlasio , K. Dehmelt , A. Denisov , A. Deshpande , E. J. Desmond , A. Dion , P. B. Diss , V. Doomra , J. H. Do , A. Drees , K. A. Drees , M. Dumancic , J. M. Durham , A. Durum , T. Elder , A. Enokizono , R. Esha , B. Fadem , W. Fan , N. Feege , D. E. Fields , M. Finger, , M. Finger , D. Firak , D. Fitzgerald , S. L. Fokin , J. E. Frantz , A. Franz , A. D. Frawley , Y. Fukuda , P. Gallus , C. Gal , P. Garg , H. Ge , F. Giordano , A. Glenn , Y. Goto , N. Grau , S. V. Greene , M. Grosse Perdekamp , T. Gunji , T. Guo , T. Hachiya , J. S. Haggerty , K. I. Hahn , H. Hamagaki , H. F. Hamilton , J. Hanks , S. Y. Han , S. Hasegawa , T. O. S. Haseler , K. Hashimoto , T. K. Hemmick , X. He , J. C. Hill , K. Hill , A. Hodges , R. S. Hollis , K. Homma , B. Hong , T. Hoshino , N. Hotvedt , J. Huang , K. Imai , J. Imrek , M. Inaba , A. Iordanova , D. Isenhower , Y. Ito , D. Ivanishchev , B. Jacak , M. Jezghani , X. Jiang , Z. Ji , B. M. Johnson , V. Jorjadze , D. Jouan , D. S. Jumper , S. Kanda , J. H. Kang , D. Kapukchyan , S. Karthas , D. Kawall , A. V. Kazantsev , J. A. Key , V. Khachatryan , A. Khanzadeev , B. Kimelman , C. Kim , D. J. Kim , E. -J. Kim , G. W. Kim , M. Kim , M. H. Kim , D. Kincses , E. Kistenev , R. Kitamura , J. Klatsky , D. Kleinjan , P. Kline , T. Koblesky , B. Komkov , D. Kotov , L. Kovacs , S. Kudo , K. Kurita , M. Kurosawa , Y. Kwon , J. G. Lajoie , E. O. Lallow , A. Lebedev , S. Lee , S. H. Lee , M. J. Leitch , Y. H. Leung , N. A. Lewis , S. H. Lim , M. X. Liu , X. Li , X. Li , V. -R. Loggins , S. Lökös , D. A. Loomis , D. Lynch , T. Majoros , Y. I. Makdisi , M. Makek , M. Malaev , A. Manion , V. I. Manko , E. Mannel , H. Masuda , M. McCumber , P. L. McGaughey , D. McGlinchey , C. McKinney , A. Meles , M. Mendoza , A. C. Mignerey , D. E. Mihalik , A. Milov , D. K. Mishra , J. T. Mitchell , M. Mitrankova , Iu. Mitrankov , G. Mitsuka , S. Miyasaka , S. Mizuno , A. K. Mohanty , P. Montuenga , T. Moon , D. P. Morrison , S. I. Morrow , T. V. Moukhanova , B. Mulilo , T. Murakami , J. Murata , A. Mwai , K. Nagai , K. Nagashima , T. Nagashima , J. L. Nagle , M. I. Nagy , I. Nakagawa , H. Nakagomi , K. Nakano , C. Nattrass , P. K. Netrakanti , T. Niida , S. Nishimura , R. Nouicer , N. Novitzky , R. Novotny , T. Novák , G. Nukazuka , A. S. Nyanin , E. O'Brien , C. A. Ogilvie , J. D. Orjuela Koop , M. Orosz , J. D. Osborn , A. Oskarsson , K. Ozawa , R. Pak , V. Pantuev , V. Papavassiliou , J. S. Park , S. Park , M. Patel , S. F. Pate , J. -C. Peng , W. Peng , D. V. Perepelitsa , G. D. N. Perera , D. Yu. Peressounko , C. E. PerezLara , J. Perry , R. Petti , M. Phipps , C. Pinkenburg , R. Pinson , R. P. Pisani , M. Potekhin , A. Pun , M. L. Purschke , J. Rak , B. J. Ramson , I. Ravinovich , K. F. Read , D. Reynolds , V. Riabov , Y. Riabov , D. Richford , T. Rinn , S. D. Rolnick , M. Rosati , Z. Rowan , J. G. Rubin , J. Runchey , B. Sahlmueller , N. Saito , T. Sakaguchi , H. Sako , V. Samsonov , M. Sarsour , K. Sato , S. Sato , B. Schaefer , B. K. Schmoll , K. Sedgwick , R. Seidl , A. Seleznev , A. Sen , R. Seto , P. Sett , A. Sexton , D. Sharma , I. Shein , T. -A. Shibata , K. Shigaki , M. Shimomura , P. Shukla , A. Sickles , C. L. Silva , D. Silvermyr , B. K. Singh , C. P. Singh , V. Singh , M. Slunečka , K. L. Smith , M. Snowball , R. A. Soltz , W. E. Sondheim , S. P. Sorensen , I. V. Sourikova , P. W. Stankus , M. Stepanov , S. P. Stoll , T. Sugitate , A. Sukhanov , T. Sumita , J. Sun , Z. Sun , S. Syed , J. Sziklai , A. Takeda , A. Taketani , K. Tanida , M. J. Tannenbaum , S. Tarafdar , A. Taranenko , G. Tarnai , R. Tieulent , A. Timilsina , T. Todoroki , M. Tomášek , C. L. Towell , R. Towell , R. S. Towell , I. Tserruya , Y. Ueda , B. Ujvari , H. W. van Hecke , S. Vazquez-Carson , J. Velkovska , M. Virius , V. Vrba , X. R. Wang , Z. Wang , Y. Watanabe , Y. S. Watanabe , F. Wei , A. S. White , C. P. Wong , C. L. Woody , M. Wysocki , B. Xia , L. Xue , C. Xu , Q. Xu , S. Yalcin , Y. L. Yamaguchi , A. Yanovich , P. Yin , I. Yoon , J. H. Yoo , I. E. Yushmanov , H. Yu , W. A. Zajc , A. Zelenski , S. Zhou , L. Zou

We study to what extent the measured elliptic flow at RHIC constrains viscous deviations from ideal hydrodynamics. We solve a toy model where only transverse momenta are thermalized while the system undergoes longitudinal free-streaming. We…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-10-09 Ulrich Heinz , Stephen M. H. Wong

The ratio of transverse momentum distribution of thermal photons to dilepton has been evaluated. It is observed that this ratio reaches a plateau beyond a certain value of transverse momentum. We argue that this ratio can be used to…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-02-03 Jajati K. Nayak , Jane Alam , Sourav Sarkar , Bikash Sinha

Anisotropic flow is recognized as one of the main observables providing information on the early stage of a heavy-ion collision. At RHIC the observed strong collective flow of the bulk matter is considered evidence for an early onset of…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2007-05-23 Raimond Snellings

In this note we review our ideas, first published in year 2006, and corresponding results, including the new ones, which show that whereas the assumption of (partial) thermalization in relativistic A+A collisions is really crucial to…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-04-24 Yu. M. Sinyukov , A. N. Nazarenko , Iu. A. Karpenko

Studies of <p_{T}>, transverse momentum spectra and anisotropy flow from nuclear collisions at RHIC indicate early thermalization and strong collective expansion. We propose a systematic study of the anisotropy parameter $v_2$ and the…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2009-11-07 Nu Xu , Zhangbu Xu

We explore the strengths and limitations of using a standard Michelson interferometer to sample line-of-sight-averaged temperature in water via two experimental setups: slow-varying temperature in static fluid and fast temperature…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-11-01 Xinyang Ge , Joanna A. Zielińska , Sergio Maldonado

Due to the large masses, heavy-flavor quarks are dominantly produced in initial hard scattering processes and experience the whole evolution of the medium produced in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC energies. They are also expected to…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2018-12-27 Guannan Xie

Recent results of the anisotropic flow measurements by the ALICE Collaboration at the LHC are reviewed. Directed, elliptic, triangular, and quadrangular flow are presented differentially vs. transverse momentum, pseudo-rapidity, and the…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-08-13 Ilya Selyuzhenkov

The transverse momentum anisotropy of the particles produced in heavy ion collisions is one of the most important experimental observable to investigate the collective behavior of the systems created in such collisions. Recent studies show…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-18 Jun Takahashi , Rafael Derradi de Souza , David Dobrigkeit Chinellato

It is argued that, in heavy ion collisions, thermal dileptons are good probes of the transport properties of the medium created in such events, and also of its early-time dynamics, usually inaccessible to hadronic observables. In this work…

Elliptic flow in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions results from the hydrodynamic response to the spatial anisotropy of the initial density profile. A long-standing problem in the interpretation of flow data is that uncertainties in the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-02-09 Li Yan , Jean-Yves Ollitrault , Arthur M. Poskanzer

The methods currently used to measure azimuthal distributions of particles in heavy ion collisions assume that all azimuthal correlations between particles result from their correlation with the reaction plane. However, other correlations…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-11-06 Nicolas Borghini , Phuong Mai Dinh , Jean-Yves Ollitrault

A model with non-uniform flow in the longitudinal direction is proposed for the relativistic heavy-ion collisions and compared with the 14.6 A GeV/c Si-Al and 10.8 A GeV/c Au-Au collision data. The stronger influence of transparency on the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Shengqin FENG , Feng LIU , Lianshou LIU

Due to anisotropic momentum distributions the parton system produced at the early stage of relativistic heavy-ion collisions is unstable with respect to the magnetic plasma modes. The instabilities isotropize the system and thus speed up…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-03-31 Stanislaw Mrowczynski

Anisotropic flow and fluctuations are sensitive observables of the initial state effects in heavy ion collisions and are characterized by the medium properties and final state interactions. Using event-shape observables, one can constrain…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-07-29 Suraj Prasad , Aswathy Menon K R , Raghunath Sahoo , Neelkamal Mallick

An experimental overview of anisotropic flow measurements and their ability to probe the properties and the nature of the system created in ultra-relativistic hadron collisions is given in these proceedings. The aim is to discuss the…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2021-02-03 Katarína Krízková Gajdosová

The polarizations of prompt and non-prompt J$/\psi$ and $\psi$(2S) mesons are measured in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV, using data samples collected by the CMS experiment in 2017 and 2018, corresponding to a total…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2024-10-08 CMS Collaboration

The elliptic, $v_2$, triangular, $v_3$, and quadrangular, $v_4$, azimuthal anisotropic flow coefficients are measured for unidentified charged particles, pions and (anti-)protons in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 2.76$ TeV with…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2016-06-24 ALICE Collaboration

We developed a novel contactless frequency-domain approach to study thermal transport, which is particularly convenient when thermally anisotropic materials are considered. The method is based on a similar line-shaped heater geometry as…