Related papers: Gauges, propagators, and physics
A lattice theory of scalar bosons in the fundamental representation of the gauge group $SU(N_c)$ and of the global symmetry group $SU(N_f)$ is shown to induce a standard gauge theory only at large $N_f$. The system is in a deconfined phase…
QCD can be formulated using any gauge group. One particular interesting choice is to replace SU(3) by the exceptional group G2. Conceptually, this group is the simplest group with a trivial center. It thus permits to study the conjectured…
We discuss the issue of observables in general-relativistic perturbation theory, adopting the view that any observable in general relativity is represented by a scalar field on spacetime. In the context of perturbation theory, an observable…
Building on the principle of combinatorial gauge symmetry, lattice gauge theories can be formulated with only one- and two-body interactions that ensure the exact realization of the symmetry rather than its approximate emergence in a…
Diagrammatic techniques are invented to implement QCD gauge transformations. These techniques can be used to discover how gauge-dependent terms are cancelled among diagrams to yield gauge-invariant results in the sum. In this way a…
Quantum field theory is assumed to be gauge invariant. However it is well known that when certain quantities are calculated using perturbation theory the results are not gauge invariant. The non-gauge invariant terms have to be removed in…
Can high energy physics be simulated by low-energy, non-relativistic, many-body systems, such as ultracold atoms? Such ultracold atomic systems lack the type of symmetries and dynamical properties of high energy physics models: in…
Gauge fixing is a useful tool to simplify calculations. It is also valuable to combine different methods, in particular lattice and continuum methods. However, beyond perturbation theory the Gribov-Singer ambiguity requires further gauge…
The underlying mathematical structures of gauge theories are known to be geometrical in nature and the local and global features of this geometry have been studied for a long time in mathematics under the name of fibre bundles. It is now…
A general class of gauges for open string field theory, for which the gauge fixing condition is given by linear equations with respect to string field, is investigated in detail. This class of gauges includes almost all known ones like…
Motivated by the prediction of fractonic topological defects in a quantum crystal, we utilize a reformulated elasticity duality to derive a description of a fracton phase in terms of coupled vector U(1) gauge theories. The fracton order and…
Fundamental forces of Nature are described by field theories, also known as gauge theories, based on a local gauge invariance. The simplest of them is quantum electrodynamics (QED), which is an example of an Abelian gauge theory. Such…
Systematic approaches to building up gauge invariant descriptions of charged fields, such as electrons or quarks, are described. Physically relevant descriptions must then be singled out from a multiplicity of possibilities and to this end…
The fundamental interactions of nature, the electroweak and the quantum chromodynamics, are described in the Standard Model by the Gauge Theory under internal symmetries that maintain the invariance of the functional action. The fundamental…
A generalization of classical gauge theory is presented, in the framework of a noncommutative-geometric formalism of quantum principal bundles over smooth manifolds. Quantum counterparts of classical gauge bundles, and classical gauge…
The concepts of symmetry, symmetry breaking and gauge symmetries are discussed, their operational meaning being displayed by the observables {\em and} the (physical) states. For infinitely extended systems the states fall into physically…
A gauge invariant, non-local observable is constructed in lattice pure gauge theory, which is identical to the gluon propagator in a particular gauge. The transfer matrix formalism is used to show that this correlator decays exponentially…
It is widely anticipated that a large-scale quantum computer will offer an evermore accurate simulation of nature, opening the floodgates for exciting scientific breakthroughs and technological innovations. Here, we show a complete,…
The idea of gauging (i.e. making local) symmetries of a physical system is a central feature of many modern field theories. Usually, one starts with a Lagrangian for some scalar or spinor matter fields, with the Lagrangian being invariant…
Inspired by direct and indirect maximal center gauge methods which confirm the existence of vortices in lattice calculations and by using the connection formalism, we show that under some appropriate gauge transformations vortices and…