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We consider the generalized second law of black hole thermodynamics in the light of quantum information theory, in particular information erasure and Landauer's principle (namely, that erasure of information produces at least the equivalent…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 David D. Song , Elizabeth Winstanley

The generalized second law states the total entropy of any closed system as the universe cannot decrease if we include black hole entropy. From the point of view of an asymptotic observer, a black hole can be described at late time as an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-24 Antoine Rignon-Bret

I review various proposals for the nature of black hole entropy and for the mechanism behind the operation of the generalized second law. I stress the merits of entanglement entropy {\tenit qua\/} black hole entropy, and point out that,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-09-25 Jacob D. Bekenstein

Recently, it has been shown that for out-of-equilibrium systems, there are additional constraints on thermodynamical evolution besides the ordinary second law. These form a new family of second laws of thermodynamics, which are equivalent…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-10-10 Alice Bernamonti , Federico Galli , Robert C. Myers , Jonathan Oppenheim

We present an approach to the four laws of black hole thermodynamics by utilizing the thermodynamics of quantum coherence. Firstly, Hawking effect is attributed to the decoherence of the two-mode squeezed state in a black hole spacetime.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-07 Xiao-Kan Guo

We study the variation of the massive black hole in both normal and extended thermodynamic phase spaces via two methods. The first method includes a charged particle absorbed by the black hole, while the second method includes a shell of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-10-02 Shi-Qian Hu , Bo Liu , Xiao-Mei Kuang , Rui-Hong Yue

The generalized second law can be used to prove a singularity theorem, by generalizing the notion of a trapped surface to quantum situations. Like Penrose's original singularity theorem, it implies that spacetime is null geodesically…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-07 Aron C. Wall

Motivated by some earlier works \cite{pavon,sadjadi} dealing with the study of generalized second law (GSL) of thermodynamics for a system comprising of a Schwarzschild black accreting a test non-self-gravitating fluid namely phantom energy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-07-17 Mubasher Jamil , D. Momeni , Kazuharu Bamba , Ratbay Myrzakulov

Black hole thermodynamics is the area of study that seeks to reconcile the laws of thermodynamics with the existence of black hole event horizons. Here we calculate the entropy corresponding to the interior of a Schwarzschild black hole for…

General Physics · Physics 2019-02-28 Sandip Dutta , Ritabrata Biswas

Expanding the work of arXiv:1504.08040, we show that black holes obey a second law for linear perturbations to bifurcate Killing horizons, in any covariant higher curvature gravity coupled to scalar and vector fields. The vector fields do…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-28 Aron C. Wall , Zihan Yan

The Generalized First Law (GFL) and the Generalized Second Law (GSL) of thermodynamics are searched for effective and alternative cosmic models using the entropy as a function of the apparent area, transforming the effective cosmological…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-15 Alejandro Corichi , Omar Gallegos

We propose a new formula for the entropy of a dynamical black hole$-$valid to leading order for perturbations off of a stationary black hole background$-$in an arbitrary classical diffeomorphism covariant Lagrangian theory of gravity in $n$…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-04-02 Stefan Hollands , Robert M. Wald , Victor G. Zhang

The purpose of the current letter is to give some relevant clarification on the validity of the laws of thermodynamics and the stability of the horizon by scalar field scattering formalism. On the one side, the connection between the energy…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-07-26 H. El Moumni , J. Khalloufi , K. Masmar

Black hole thermodynamics provides a unique setting in which general relativity, quantum field theory, and statistical mechanics converge. In semiclassical gravity, this interplay culminates in the generalized second law (GSL), whose modern…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-01-08 Antoine Rignon-Bret , Matthieu Vilatte

The accretion of a phantom fluid with non-zero chemical potential by black holes is discussed with basis on the Generalized Second Law of thermodynamics. For phantom fluids with positive temperature and negative chemical potential we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-18 J. A. S. Lima , S. H. Pereira , J. E. Horvath , Daniel C. Guariento

We investigate the validity of the generalized second law of thermodynamics in a universe governed by Horava-Lifshitz gravity. Under the equilibrium assumption, that is in the late-time cosmological regime, we calculate separately the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-03-28 Mubasher Jamil , Emmanuel N. Saridakis , M. R. Setare

In this paper, we combine Lovelock gravity with gravity's rainbow to construct Lovelock gravity's rainbow. Considering the Lovelock gravity's rainbow coupled to linear and also nonlinear electromagnetic gauge fields, we present two new…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-02-09 S. H. Hendi , A. Dehghani , Mir Faizal

We have shown that changes occur in a (2+1)-dimensional charged black hole by adding a charged probe. The particle increases the entropy of the black hole and guarantees the second law of thermodynamics. The first law of thermodynamics is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-12-01 Bogeun Gwak , Bum-Hoon Lee

Lovelock theory provides a tractable model of higher-curvature gravity in which several questions can be studied analytically. This is the reason why, in the last years, this theory has become the favorite arena to study the effects of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-07-20 Mariano Chernicoff , Mario Galante , Gaston Giribet , Andres Goya , Matias Leoni , Julio Oliva , Guillem Perez-Nadal

In the previous analyses in the literature about the generalized second law (GSL) in an accelerated expanding universe the usual area relation for the entropy, i.e. $S={A\over 4G}$, was used for the cosmological horizon entropy. But this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-01-14 H. Mohseni Sadjadi , Mubasher Jamil