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Many interesting computational problems can be reformulated in terms of decision trees. A natural classical algorithm is to then run a random walk on the tree, starting at the root, to see if the tree contains a node n levels from the root.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Edward Farhi , Sam Gutmann

This paper presents the novel `uniqueness tree' algorithm, as one possible method for determining whether two finite, undirected graphs are isomorphic. We prove that the algorithm has polynomial time complexity in the worst case, and that…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-06-22 Jonathan Gorard

Given the extensive application of classical random walks to classical algorithms in a variety of fields, their quantum analogue in quantum walks is expected to provide a fruitful source of quantum algorithms. So far, however, such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-03-26 B. L. Douglas , J. B. Wang

Many complex questions in biology, physics, and mathematics can be mapped to the graph isomorphism problem and the closely related graph automorphism problem. In particular, these problems appear in the context of network visualization,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-11-14 Charo I. Del Genio , Thilo Gross

The maximum common subtree isomorphism problem asks for the largest possible isomorphism between subtrees of two given input trees. This problem is a natural restriction of the maximum common subgraph problem, which is ${\sf NP}$-hard in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-08-23 Andre Droschinsky , Nils M. Kriege , Petra Mutzel

The graph isomorphism (GI) problem is the computational problem of finding a permutation of vertices of a given graph $G_1$ that transforms $G_1$ to another given graph $G_2$ and preserves the adjacency. In this work, we propose a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-23 Xi Li , Hanwu Chen

It is known that a graph isomorphism testing algorithm is polynomially equivalent to a detecting of a graph non-trivial automorphism algorithm. The polynomiality of the latter algorithm, is obtained by consideration of symmetry properties…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Aleksandr Golubchik

Graph isomorphism is an important computer science problem. The problem for the general case is unknown to be in polynomial time. The base algorithm for the general case works in quasi-polynomial time. The solutions in polynomial time for…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-11-23 Vaibhav Amit Patel

The AHU-algorithm solves the computationally difficult graph isomorphism problem for rooted trees, and does so with a linear time complexity. Although the AHU-algorithm has remained state of the art for almost 50 years, it has been…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Anna Lindeberg

Quantum algorithms for several problems in graph theory are considered. Classical algorithms for finding the lowest weight path between two points in a graph and for finding a minimal weight spanning tree involve searching over some space.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mark Heiligman

We claimed that there is a polynomial algorithm to test if two graphs are isomorphic. But the algorithm is wrong. It only tests if the adjacency matrices of two graphs have the same eigenvalues. There is a counterexample of two…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Reiner Czerwinski

The clique-width is a measure of complexity of decomposing graphs into certain tree-like structures. The class of graphs with bounded clique-width contains bounded tree-width graphs. We give a polynomial time graph isomorphism algorithm for…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-04-29 Bireswar Das , Murali Krishna Enduri , I. Vinod Reddy

In the past decades for more and more graph classes the Graph Isomorphism Problem was shown to be solvable in polynomial time. An interesting family of graph classes arises from intersection graphs of geometric objects. In this work we show…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-06-23 Daniel Neuen

The computational cost of simulating quantum many-body systems can often be reduced by taking advantage of physical symmetries. While methods exist for specific symmetry classes, a general algorithm to find the full permutation symmetry…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Saumya Shah , Patrick Rebentrost

Determining whether two graphs are structurally identical is a fundamental problem with applications spanning mathematics, computer science, chemistry, and network science. Despite decades of study, graph isomorphism remains a challenging…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-04-10 Sara Najem , Amer E. Mouawad

Graph Isomorphism is such an important problem in computer science, that it has been widely studied over the last decades. It is well known that it belongs to NP class, but is not NP-complete. It is thought to be of comparable difficulty to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Hernán I. de la Cruz , Fernando L. Pelayo , Vicente Pascual , Jose J. Paulet , Fernando Cuartero , Luis Llana , Mauro Mezzini

In this paper we study a natural generalization of both {\sc $k$-Path} and {\sc $k$-Tree} problems, namely, the {\sc Subgraph Isomorphism} problem. In the {\sc Subgraph Isomorphism} problem we are given two graphs $F$ and $G$ on $k$ and $n$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-12-15 Fedor V. Fomin , Daniel Lokshtanov , Venkatesh Raman , B. V. Raghavendra Rao , Saket Saurabh

We extend Babai's quasipolynomial-time graph isomorphism test (STOC 2016) and develop a quasipolynomial-time algorithm for the multiple-coset isomorphism problem. The algorithm for the multiple-coset isomorphism problem allows to exploit…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Daniel Wiebking

The graph isomorphism problem asks whether two graphs are identical up to vertex relabeling. While the exact problem admits quasi-polynomial-time classical algorithms, many applications in molecular comparison, noisy network analysis, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-31 Prateek P. Kulkarni

In a previous work, we gave a metric on the class of semibinary tree-sibling time consistent phylogenetic networks that is computable in polynomial time; in particular, the problem of deciding if two networks of this kind are isomorphic is…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2009-02-27 Gabriel Cardona , Merce Llabres , Francesc Rossello , Gabriel Valiente
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