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We prove sharp two-sided global estimates for the heat kernel associated with a Euclidean sphere of arbitrary dimension. This solves a long-standing open problem.

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2019-11-19 Adam Nowak , Peter Sjögren , Tomasz Z. Szarek

In this paper we extend a gradient estimate of R. Hamilton for positive solutions to the heat equation on closed manifolds to bounded positive solutions on complete, non-compact manifolds with $Rc \geq -Kg$. We accomplish this extension via…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Brett Kotschwar

In this paper, we establish existence and uniqueness of weak solutions to general time fractional equations and give their probabilistic representations. We then derive sharp two-sided estimates for fundamental solutions of a family of time…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-09-12 Zhen-Qing Chen , Panki Kim , Takashi Kumagai , Jian Wang

In the whole space $\mathbb R^d$, linear estimates for heat semi-group in Besov spaces are well established, which are estimates of $L^p$-$L^q$ type, maximal regularity, e.t.c. This paper is concerned with such estimates for semi-group…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-12-18 Tsukasa Iwabuchi

We find a Gaussian off-diagonal heat kernel estimate for uniformly elliptic operators with measurable coefficients acting on regions $\Omega\subseteq\real^N$, where the order $2m$ of the operator satisfies $N<2m$. The estimate is expressed…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Mark P. Owen

In this paper we compute the coefficients of the heat kernel asymptotic expansion for Laplace operators acting on scalar functions defined on the so called spherical suspension (or Riemann cap) subjected to Dirichlet boundary conditions. By…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-08-21 Guglielmo Fucci , Klaus Kirsten

Let $\alpha\in(0,2)$ and $d\in{\mathbb N}$. Consider the following SDE in ${\mathbb R}^d$:$${\rm d}X_t=b(t,X_t){\rm d} t+a(t,X_{t-}){\rm d} L^{(\alpha)}_t,\ \ X_0=x,$$where $L^{(\alpha)}$ is a $d$-dimensional rotationally invariant…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-02-08 Stéphane Menozzi , Zhang Xicheng

By making full use of heat kernel estimates, we establish the integral tests on the zero-one laws of upper and lower bounds for the sample path ranges of symmetric Markov processes. In particular, these results concerning on upper rate…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-09-01 Yuichi Shiozawa , Jian Wang

We derive upper bounds for the trace of the heat kernel $Z(t)$ of the Dirichlet Laplace operator in an open set $\Omega \subset \R^d$, $d \geq 2$. In domains of finite volume the result improves an inequality of Kac. Using the same methods…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-02-29 Leander Geisinger , Timo Weidl

Given an elliptic operator $L= - \mathrm{div} (A \nabla \cdot)$ subject to mixed boundary conditions on an open subset of $\mathbb{R}^d$, we study the relation between Gaussian pointwise estimates for the kernel of the associated heat…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-06-17 Tim Böhnlein , Simone Ciani , Moritz Egert

In this paper, we study purely discontinuous symmetric Markov processes on closed subsets of ${\mathbb R}^d$, $d\ge 1$, with jump kernels of the form $J(x,y)=|x-y|^{-d-\alpha}{\mathcal B}(x,y)$, $\alpha\in (0,2)$, where the function…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-01 Soobin Cho , Panki Kim , Renming Song , Zoran Vondraček

In this paper, we focus on strongly local regular Dirichlet forms, especially those satisfying Morrey-type inequalities. We prove the equivalence between resistance estimates and heat kernel estimates in this case. Self-similar forms on…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Diwen Chang , Guanhua Liu

Let $L = -{\rm div}( A(x) \cdot \nabla ) + V(x)$ be a second-order uniformly elliptic operator on $\mathbb{ R }^{n}$ $(n\geq 3)$, where $A(x)$ is a real symmetric matrix satisfying standard ellipticity conditions, and $V$ is a nonnegative…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-09 Honglei Shi , Pengtao Li , Kai Zhao

In the sub-Riemannian manifolds, on the one hand, following Baudoin-Garofalo \cite{BaudoinGarofalo}, the upper bound for heat kernels associated to a class of locally subelliptic operators are given under the generalized curvature-dimension…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-08-29 Huai Qian LI

A lower bound estimate \lambda_2 - \lambda_1 \ge c \lambda_1^{-d / \alpha} (\diam D)^{-d - \alpha} for the spectral gap of the Dirichlet fractional Laplacian on arbitrary bounded domain D is proved. This follows from a variational formula…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-04-27 M. Kwasnicki

Let $G$ be a noncompact semisimple Lie group equipped with a certain invariant Riemannian metric. Then, we can consider a heat kernel function on $G$ associated to the Riemannian metric. We give an explicit formula for the heat kernel when…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2019-10-03 Shota Mori

We establish precise upper and lower bounds for the subelliptic heat kernel on nilpotent Lie groups $G$ of H-type. Specifically, we show that there exist positive constants $C_1$, $C_2$ and a polynomial correction function $Q_t$ on $G$ such…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-12-05 Nathaniel Eldredge

We consider the heat-kernel on a manifold whose boundary is piecewise smooth. The set of independent geometrical quantities required to construct an expression for the contribution of the boundary discontinuities to the C_{2} heat-kernel…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-30 J. S. Apps , J. S. Dowker

This is first of series papers on new two-side Gaussian bounds for the heat kernel $H(x,y,t)$ on a complete manifold $(M,g)$. In this paper, on a complete manifold $M$ with $Ric(M)\geq 0$, we obtain new two-side Gaussian bounds for the heat…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2020-01-01 Xiangjin Xu

We establish a connection between a sharp double-sided Harnack bound for positive solutions of a fractional heat equation and the circular geometry in higher dimensions. The present work extends and generalizes the results obtained in the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-06-11 Mateusz Dembny , Mikołaj Sierżęga