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We are at an interesting juncture in cosmology. With new methods and technology, the accuracy in measurement of the Hubble constant has vastly improved, but a recent tension has arisen that is either signaling new physics or as-yet…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-12 Wendy L. Freedman

We discuss cosmology based on a Cuscuta-Galileon gravity theory, which preserves just two degrees of freedom. Although there exists no additional degrees of freedom, introduction of a potential of a scalar field changes the dynamics. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-05-17 Kei-ichi Maeda , Sirachak Panpanich

Recent observations of distant supernovae imply, in defiance of expectations, that the universe growth is accelerating, contrary to what has always been assumed that the expansion is slowing down due to gravity. In this paper a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Carmeli , S. Behar

We investigate to which extent a time variation of the gravitational constant or other fundamental constants affects the best fit of the Hubble diagram of type Ia supernovae. In particular, we show that a slow increase of $G$ in the past,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Luca Amendola , Stefano Corasaniti , Franco Occhionero

It is shown that, in the model of a flat 3D space, the time (i.e., the Hubble or the gravitation constant) plays a role of a spatial property. Gravitation field of spherical central mass does not lead to a lowering of symmetry of the space…

Optics · Physics 2007-06-19 R. Vlokh

The idea that the vacuum energy density $\rho_{\Lambda}$ could be time dependent is a most reasonable one in the expanding Universe; in fact, much more reasonable than just a rigid cosmological constant for the entire cosmic history. Being…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-07-08 Harald Fritzsch , Joan Sola

Space-Time in general relativity is a dynamical entity because it is subject to the Einstein field equations. The space-time metric provides different geometrical structures: conformal, volume, projective and linear connection. A deep…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Ignacio Sanchez-Rodriguez

We show that generalizations of classical and quantum dynamics with two times lead to fundamentally constrained evolution. At the level of classical physics, Newton's second law is extended and exactly integrated in $1+2$ dimensional space,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-05 E. Piceno , A. Rosado , E. Sadurní

We investigate a class of cosmological solutions of Einstein's field equations in higher dimensions with a cosmological constant and an ideal fluid matter distribution as a source. We discuss the dynamical evolution of the universe subject…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-02-15 Ozgur Akarsu , Tekin Dereli

We consider a two-dimensional model of gravity with the cosmological constant as a dynamical variable. The effective cosmological constant is derived when the universe has no initial boundary. It turns out to be extremely small if the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-02-01 Izawa K. -I

In the presence of anisotropic cosmic expansions at global or local scale the equations of electrodynamics in expanding space-time are modified and presented here. A new effect should arise in regions of local anisotropic expansion in a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-01-01 Paolo Ciarcelluti

When quantum back-reaction by fluctuations, correlations and higher moments of a state becomes strong, semiclassical quantum mechanics resembles a dynamical system with a high-dimensional phase space. Here, systematic computational methods…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-09-13 Martin Bojowald , David Brizuela , Hector H. Hernandez , Michael J. Koop , Hugo A. Morales-Tecotl

A new dynamical paradigm merging quantum dynamics with cosmology is discussed. Time evolution involves a genuine passage of time, which distinguishes the formalism from those where dynamics in space is equivalent to statics in space-time.…

General Physics · Physics 2024-02-01 Marek Czachor

The idea of an accelerating universe comes almost simultaneously with the determination of Hubble's constant by one of the Hubble Space Telescope Key Projects. The age of the universe dilemma is probably the link between these two issues.…

General Physics · Physics 2015-07-29 Domingos Soares

Recent data on supernovae favor high values of the cosmological constant. Spacetimes with a cosmological constant have non-relativistic kinematics quite different from Galilean kinematics. De Sitter spacetimes, vacuum solutions of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 R. Aldrovandi , A. L. Barbosa , L. C. B. Crispino , J. G. Pereira

The possibility that the strength of gravitational interactions might slowly increase with distance, is explored by formulating a set of effective field equations, which incorporate the gravitational, vacuum-polarization induced, running of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Herbert W. Hamber , Ruth M. Williams

It has been demonstrated that a modern stage of the Universe expansion may be described in accordance with the observations within the scope of the space-time conformal geometry. The clock synchronization procedure in SR has been…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-01-21 L. M. Tomilchik , N. G. Kembrovskaya

We investigate the validity of cosmological models with an oscillating scale factor in relation to late-time cosmological observations. We show that these models not only meet the required late time observational constraints but can also…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-31 Mohit K. Sharma , Shibesh Kumar Jas Pacif , Gulmira Yergaliyeva , Kuralay Yesmakhanova

We derive formulae for the time variation of the gravitational ``constant'' and of the fine structure ``constant'' in various models with extra dimensions and analyze their consistency with the observational data.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 E. Garcia-Berro , Yu. A. Kubyshin , P. Loren-Aguilar

Constancy of the speed of light together with the Hubble law lead in a doctrine of expanding universe to a conclusion that universe evolution is not only an expansion of space but also a deceleration of the course of physical time (Taganov,…

General Physics · Physics 2008-07-28 Igor N. Taganov