Related papers: A Solution to the P versus NP Problem
The subject logic in computer science should entail proof theoretic applications. So the question arises whether open problems in computational complexity can be solved by advanced proof theoretic techniques. In particular, consider the…
Separation is a classical problem asking whether, given two sets belonging to some class, it is possible to separate them by a set from a smaller class. We discuss the separation problem for regular languages. We give a Ptime algorithm to…
Schindler recently addressed two versions of the question P $\stackrel{?}{=}$ NP for Turing machines running in transfinite ordinal time. These versions differ in their definition of input length. The corresponding complexity classes are…
Motivated by the fact that information is encoded and processed by physical systems, the P versus NP problem is examined in terms of physical processes. In particular, we consider P as a class of deterministic, and NP as nondeterministic,…
We survey a collective achievement of a group of researchers: the PCP Theorems. They give new definitions of the class \np, and imply that computing approximate solutions to many \np-hard problems is itself \np-hard. Techniques developed to…
This paper provides a new and more direct proof of the assertion that a Turing computable function of the natural numbers is primitive recursive if and only if the time complexity of the corresponding Turing machine is bounded by a…
An attempt of a new kind of complexity anthropology is considered.
This paper demonstrates the relativity of Computability and Nondeterministic; the nondeterministic is just Turing's undecidable Decision rather than the Nondeterministic Polynomial time. Based on analysis about TM, UM, DTM, NTM, Turing…
The purpose of this article is to examine and limit the conditions in which the P complexity class could be equivalent to the NP complexity class. Proof is provided by demonstrating that as the number of clauses in a NP-complete problem…
SAT is not in P, is true and provable in a simply consistent extension B' of a first order theory B of computing, with a single finite axiom characterizing a universal Turing machine. Therefore, P is not equal to NP, is true and provable in…
Theoretical complexity is a vital subfield of computer science that enables us to mathematically investigate computation and answer many interesting queries about the nature of computational problems. It provides theoretical tools to assess…
An artificially designed Turing Machine algorithm $\mathbf{M}_{}^{o}$ generates the instances of the satisfiability problem, and check their satisfiability. Under the assumption $\mathcal{P}=\mathcal{NP}$, we show that $\mathbf{M}_{}^{o}$…
In order to prove that the P of problems is different to the NP class, we consider the satisfability problem of propositional calculus formulae, which is an NP-complete problem. It is shown that, for every search algorithm A, there is a set…
We show that there cannot be any algorithm that for a given nondeterministic polynomial-time Turing machine determinates whether or not the language recognized by this machine belongs to P
Separation is a classical problem in mathematics and computer science. It asks whether, given two sets belonging to some class, it is possible to separate them by another set of a smaller class. We present and discuss the separation problem…
This article shows that PSPACE not equal EXP. A simple but novel proof technique has been used to separate these two classes. Whether an arbitrary Turing machine accepts an input when the running time is limited has been computed in this…
This article introduces three invariance principles under which P is different from NP. In the second part a theorem of convergence is proven. This theorem states that for any language L there exists an infinite sequence of languages from…
We state a version of the P=?NP problem for infinite time Turing machines. It is observed that P not= NP for this version.
The present work proves that P=NP. The proof, presented in this work, is a constructive one: the program of a polynomial time deterministic multi-tape Turing machine M_ExistsAcceptingPath, that determines if there exists an accepting…
In this paper, we interpret NDTM (NonDeterministic Turing Machine) used to define NP by tracing to the source of NP. Originally NP was defined as the class of problems solvable in polynomial time by a NDTM in the theorem of Cook, where the…