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Solar flares are major space weather events that result from the explosive conversion of stored magnetic energy into bulk motion, plasma heating, and particle acceleration. While the standard flare model has proven highly successful in…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-09 Joel T. Dahlin , Spiro K. Antiochos , Peter F. Wyper , Jiong Qiu , C. Richard DeVore

Solar radio emissions provide several unique diagnostics to estimate different physical parameters of the solar corona, which are otherwise simply inaccessible. However, imaging the highly dynamic solar coronal emissions spanning a large…

We review the coronal visible and infrared lines, collecting previous observations, and comparing, whenever available, observed radiances with those predicted by various models: the quiet Sun, a moderately active Sun, and an active region…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-10 Giulio Del Zanna , Edward E. DeLuca

Solar flares are extremely energetic phenomena in our Solar System. Their impulsive, often drastic radiative increases, in particular at short wavelengths, bring immediate impacts that motivate solar physics and space weather research to…

Given its unchallenged capabilities in terms of sensitivity and spatial resolution, the combination of imaging spectropolarimetry and numeric Stokes inversion represents the dominant technique currently used to remotely sense the physical…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-05 Francisco A. Iglesias , Alex Feller

The physics of solar flares occurring on the Sun is highly complex and far from fully understood. However, observations show that solar eruptions are associated with the intense kilogauss fields of active regions, where free energies are…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-26 Bach Viet Do , Yang Chen , XuanLong Nguyen , Ward Manchester

All three components of the current density are required to compute the heating rate due to free magnetic energy dissipation. Here we present a first test of a new model developed to determine if the times of increases in the resistive…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-29 Michael L. Goodman , Chiman Kwan , Bulent Ayhan , Eric L. Shang

In addition to X-rays, extreme ultraviolet (EUV) rays radiated from solar flares can cause serious problems, such as communication failures and satellite drag. Therefore, methods for forecasting EUV dynamic spectra during flares are…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-14 Toshiki Kawai , Shinsuke Imada , Shohei Nishimoto , Kyoko Watanabe , Tomoko Kawate

Solar photovoltaic (PV) farms represent a major source of global renewable energy generation, yet their true operational efficiency often remains unknown at scale. In this paper, we present a comprehensive, data-driven framework for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Isaac Corley , Conor Wallace , Sourav Agrawal , Burton Putrah , Jonathan Lwowski

Accurate and reliable predictions of solar flares are essential due to their potentially significant impact on Earth and space-based infrastructure. Although deep learning models have shown notable predictive capabilities in this domain,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Temitope Adeyeha , Chetraj Pandey , Berkay Aydin

We present an overview of solar flares and associated phenomena, drawing upon a wide range of observational data primarily from the RHESSI era. Following an introductory discussion and overview of the status of observational capabilities,…

The observation and research of the solar radio emission have unique scientific values in solar and space physics and related space weather forecasting applications, since the observed spectral structures may carry important information…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-20 Qing-Fu Du , Lei Chen , Yue-Chang Zhao , Xin Li , Yan Zhou , Jun-Rui Zhang , Fa-Bao Yan , Shi-Wei Feng , Chuan-Yang Li , Yao Chen

Solar flares and coronal mass ejections are interrelated phenomena that together are known as solar eruptive events. These are the main drivers of space weather and understanding their origins is a primary goal of Heliophysics. In this…

The development of accurate forecasts of solar eruptive activity has become increasingly important for preventing potential impacts on space technologies and exploration. Therefore, it is crucial to detect Active Regions (ARs) before they…

The next generation of solar telescopes will enable us to resolve the fundamental scales of the solar atmosphere, i.e., the pressure scale height and the photon mean free path. High-resolution observations of small-scale structures with…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 C. Denker

The present sequence of two articles reports on a custom-built toolkit implementing a technique similar to multi-directional medical tomography to simulate and visualize the composite 3D structure of winds from hot close double stars. In…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2018-05-02 I. Pachoulakis

Statistical properties of the Sun's photospheric turbulent magnetic field, especially those of the Active Regions (ARs), have been studied using the line-of-sight data from magnetograms taken by SOHO and several other instruments (see e.g.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2013-07-17 Shiva Kumar. Malapaka , Wolf-Christian Mueller

Operational flare forecasting aims at providing predictions that can be used to make decisions, typically at a daily scale, about the space weather impacts of flare occurrence. This study shows that video-based deep learning can be used for…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-13 Sabrina Guastavino , Francesco Marchetti , Federico Benvenuto , Cristina Campi , Michele Piana

Accurate, reliable solar flare prediction is crucial for mitigating potential disruptions to critical infrastructure, while predicting solar flares remains a significant challenge. Existing methods based on heuristic physical features often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Shunya Nagashima , Komei Sugiura