Related papers: How to measure the Charm Density in the Proton at …
Heavy quark production probes QCD at the interface of the perturbative and non-perturbative regimes. Studying the production of heavy quarks is an important test of models in both regimes. In this article, recent results on beauty and charm…
We outline the existing descriptions of the charm component of the deep inelastic proton structure function F2. We discuss recent approaches to include charm mass effects in the parton evolution equations and the coefficient functions.
Quantum Chromodynamics is thought to be the relativistic quantum field theory that describes the strong interaction of the Standard Model. This interaction produces mesons but it is also able to generate quark-quark (diquark) correlations…
A summary of measurements of the fragmentation of charm quarks into a specific hadron is given. Measurements performed in photoproduction and deep inelastic scattering in $e^{\pm}p$, $pp$ and $e^+e^-$ collisions are compared, using…
The inclusive cross sections for charm ($\mathrm{c}\overline{\mathrm{c}}$) and bottom ($\mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}}$) quark-antiquark pair production in proton-proton, proton-antiproton, and proton-nucleus collisions are studied over a…
Heavy quarks, i.e. charm and beauty, are sensitive probes of the medium produced in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. They are produced in the early stage of the collisions and are expected to experience the whole collision evolution…
We provide a first quantitative indication that the wave function of the proton contains unequal distributions of charm quarks and antiquarks, i.e. a nonvanishing intrinsic valence charm distribution. A significant nonvanishing valence…
The impact of measurements of heavy-flavour production in deep inelastic $ep$ scattering and in $pp$ collisions on parton distribution functions is studied in a QCD analysis at next-to-leading order. Recent combined results of inclusive and…
Due to the inconsistency in the results of the GEp/Gmp ratio of the proton, as extracted from the Rosenbluth and recoil polarization techniques, high precision measurements of the e-p elastic scattering cross sections were made at Q^2 =…
Surprisingly large flavor asymmetry of the light-quark sea in the proton was reported in deep-inelastic scattering and Drell-Yan experiments. The Bjorken-$x$ dependence of the $\bar{d}/\bar{u}$ ratio extracted from the Fermilab E866…
The proposed high luminosity high energy Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) will explore the proton/nuclear structure in a wide Bjorken-x ($x_{BJ}$) and $Q^{2}$ phase space. Heavy flavor products are generated in initial collisions and have their…
Heavy quarks are a valuable probe of the hot, dense medium created in a heavy ion collision, and are an important test of proposed mechanisms of energy loss. It was discovered that single non-photonic electrons are suppressed at a similar…
We perform an analysis of semi-inclusive production of charm (D-mesons) in neutral current (NC) and charged current (CC) deep inelastic scattering (DIS) at full O(alpha_s^1). Our calculation is based on the heavy quark scheme developed by…
The possible cosmological variation of the proton-to-electron mass ratio was estimated by measuring the H_2 wavelengths in the high-resolution spectrum of the quasar Q~0347-382. Our analysis yielded an estimate for the possible deviation of…
The charge radius of the proton can be determined using two different kinds of experiments: the spectroscopy technique, measuring the hyperfine structure of hydrogen atoms, and the scattering technique, deducing the radius from elastic…
We investigate the uncertainties of the heavy-quark parton distribution functions in the variable flavor number scheme. Because the charm- and bottom-quark parton distribution functions (PDFs) are constructed predominantly from the gluon…
Beginning with precise data on the ratio of structure functions in deep inelastic scattering (DIS) from $^3$He and $^3$H, collected on the domain $0.19 \leq x_B \leq 0.83$, where $x_B$ is the Bjorken scaling variable, we employ a robust…
We present an improved determination of the strange quark and anti-quark parton distribution functions of the proton by means of a global QCD analysis that takes into account a comprehensive set of strangeness-sensitive measurements:…
Using the non-relativistic version of Borel sum rules, combined to the very accurate experimental information on the Charmonium and Upsilon spectra, we rigorously investigate the Euclidean mass of the Charm and Bottom quark. Our analysis is…
Measurements of heavy (charm and beauty) quarks provide useful insights into the properties of the quark--gluon plasma. The good particle identification capabilities of ALICE make a measurement based on the electrons from semi-leptonic…