Related papers: High-resolution x-ray telescopes
Galaxy clusters are the largest structures in Universe. They are very important as both cosmological probes and astrophysical laboratories. Several methods have been developed to detect galaxy clusters with different techniques (optical,…
High-energy photons are a powerful probe for astrophysics and for fundamental physics in extreme conditions. During the recent years, our knowledge of the most violent phenomena in the Universe has impressively progressed thanks to the…
We discuss a new method which is potentially capable of constraining cosmological parameters using observations of giant luminous arcs in rich X-ray clusters of galaxies. The mass profile and the mass normalization of the lenses are…
With its ability to look at bright galactic X-ray sources with sub-millisecond time resolution, the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) discovered that the X-ray emission from accreting compact stars shows quasi-periodic oscillations on the…
AXIS is a probe-class concept under study for submission to the 2020 Decadal Survey. AXIS will extend and enhance the science of high angular resolution X-ray imaging and spectroscopy in the next decade with $\sim 0.4''$ resolution over a…
Several phenomena in high energy astrophysics have been recently related to clusters of galaxies and to cosmic ray interactions occurring inside these structures. In many of these phenomena the observable effects depend on the energy…
So far, high resolution techniques on the one hand provide morphological information on bright nearby objects. On the other hand, telescopes with large collecting areas allow us to detect very faint and distant objects, but not to obtain a…
In this paper we discuss various possibilities of using X-ray observations to gain information about the large-scale structure of the Universe. After reviewing briefly the current status of these investigations we explore different ways of…
X-ray clusters are powerful tools for the determination of cosmological parameters. More specifically, the combined knowledge of the redshift distribution of X-ray clusters together with the luminosity-temperature correlation, $L_X-T_X$…
I review recent progress in the study of the large-scale structure of the Universe through the distribution of clusters of galaxies, concentrating on new results using X-ray selected samples. After discussing the importance of understanding…
Clusters of galaxies can be seen as giant astrophysical laboratories enclosing matter in a large enough volume, so that the matter composition can be taken as representing the composition of our Universe. X-ray observations allow a very…
X-ray observations of clusters provide key information on the dark matter, on the formation of structures in the Universe, and can be used to constrain the cosmological parameters. I review our current knowledge, with emphasis on recent XMM…
A sample of one hundred and six X-ray galaxy clusters has been analysed in detail. Here we give the observed X-ray luminosity - gravitational mass relation. Possible future applications include conversion of empirical cluster luminosity…
We review the high resolution X-ray spectroscopy capabilities of the AXAF observatory focusing on the High Energy Transmission Grating (HETG). As part of the Guaranteed Time Observation (GTO) program, the HETG science team will observe both…
Several projects planned or proposed can significantly expand our knowledge of the high-energy Universe in gamma rays. Construction of the Cherenkov telescope array CTA is started, and other detectors are planned which will use the…
This White Paper, submitted to the recent ESA call for science themes to define its future large missions, advocates the need for a transformational leap in our understanding of two key questions in astrophysics: 1) How does ordinary matter…
A summary is presented of a symposium held to review recent progress in X-ray astronomy and to discuss prospects for the next generation of X-ray missions. The summary is organized around ten general, astrophysical questions that may…
The objective of neutrino astronomy, born with the identification of thermonuclear fusion in the sun and the particle processes controlling the fate of a nearby supernova, is to build instruments which reach throughout and far beyond our…
We present forecasts on the capability of future wide-area high-sensitivity X-ray surveys of galaxy clusters to yield constraints on the parameters defining the Dark Energy (DE) equation of state (EoS). Our analysis is carried out for…
The X-ray galaxy cluster sample from the REFLEX Cluster Survey, which covers the X-ray brightest galaxy clusters detected in the ROSAT All-Sky Survey in the southern sky, is used to construct the X-ray luminosity function of clusters in the…