Related papers: Vortex Rings from Sphagnum Moss Capsules
Thousands of fungal species rely on mushroom spores to spread across landscapes. It has long been thought that spores depend on favorable airflows for dispersal -- that active control of spore dispersal by the parent fungus is limited to an…
The dispersion of plant pathogens, such as rust spores, is responsible for more than 20% of global yield loss annually, and poses a significant threat to human health. However, the release mechanics of pathogens from flexible plant surfaces…
The fungi disperse spores to move across landscapes and spore liberation takes different patterns. While many species release spores intermittently, others release spores at specific times of day or night according to intrinsic rhythms.…
Turbulent, two-dimensional, hydrodynamic flows are characterized by the emergence of coherent, long-lived vortices without a need to invoke special initial conditions. Vortices have the ability to sequester particles, with typical radii…
Vortex rings have the ability to transport fluid over long distances. They are usually produced by ejecting a volume of fluid through a circular orifice or nozzle. When the volume and velocity of the ejected fluid are known, the vortex'…
Many edible mushrooms eject their spores (about 10 microns in size) at high speed (about 1 m/s) using surface tension forces in a few microseconds. Basically the coalescence of a droplet with the spore generates the necessary momentum to…
Ring vortices are efficient at transporting fluid. They are often produced by ejecting a volume of fluid through a circular orifice. The impulse given to the vortex rings results in a propulsive force on the generator. Propulsive vortex…
Due to their long-lived nature, vortex rings are highly promising for non-contact transportation of colloidal microparticles. However, they are complex structures, and their description using rigorous, closed-form mathematical expressions…
The forcibly launched spores of the crop pathogen \emph{Sclerotinia sclerotiorum} must eject through many centimeters of nearly still air to reach the flowers of the plants that the fungus infects. Because of their microscopic size,…
When wind blows at the surface of a liquid of sufficiently high viscosity, a wave packet of small amplitude is first generated, which sporadically forms large-amplitude fluid bumps that rapidly propagate downstream. These nonlinear…
Several species of plants have raindrop-sized flowers that catch raindrops opportunistically in order to spread their 0.3-mm seeds distances of over 1 m. In the following fluid dynamics video, we show examples of these plants and some of…
Polar vortices are common in the atmospheres of rapidly rotating planets [1-4]. On Earth and Mars they are tied to the surface and their existence follows the seasonal insolation cycle [1-3]. Venus is a slowly rotating planet but it is also…
Vortex rings are critical for thrust production underwater. In the ocean, self-propelled mesozooplankton generate vortices while swimming within a weakly stratified fluid. While large-scale biogenic transport has been observed during…
We consider a particle that is subject to a constant force and scatters inelastically on a vibrating periodically corrugated floor. At small friction and small radius of the circular scatterers the dynamics is dominated by resonances…
For a limited set of impact conditions, a drop impacting onto a pool can entrap an air bubble as large as its own size. The subsequent rise and rupture of this large bubble plays an important role in aerosol formation and gas transport at…
The interaction of a shock wave with a spherical density inhomogeneity leads to the development of a vortex ring through the impulsive deposition of baroclinic vorticity. The present fluid dynamics videos display this phenomenon and were…
Tropical cyclones (TC) are often generated from pre-existing ``seed" vortices. Seeds with higher persistence might have a higher chance to undergo TC genesis. What controls seed persistence remains unclear. This study proposes that…
We consider the radial migration of vortices in two-dimensional isothermal gaseous disks. We find that a vortex core, orbiting at the local gas velocity, induces velocity perturbations that propagate away from the vortex as density waves.…
This Letter introduces unexpected diffusion properties in dense granular flows, and shows that they result from the development of partially jammed clusters of grains, or granular vortices. Transverse diffusion coefficients $D$ and average…
We study drag-induced diffusion of massive particles in scale-free velocity fields, where superdiffusive behavior emerges due to the scale-free size distribution of the vortices of the underlying velocity field. The results show qualitative…