Related papers: Universality of rain event size distributions
A large-scale smoothed-out model of the universe ignores small-scale inhomogeneities, but the averaged effects of those inhomogeneities may alter both observational and dynamical relations at the larger scale. This article discusses these…
The distribution of inter-occurrence time between seismic events is a quantity of great interest in seismic risk assessment. We evaluate this distribution for different models of earthquakes occurrence and follow two distinct approaches:…
Intuitively, one would expect a more skillful forecast if predicting weather averaged over one week instead of the weather averaged over one day, and similarly for different spatial averaging areas. However, there are few systematic studies…
In order to reach the supply/demand balance, electricity providers need to predict the demand and production of electricity at different time scales. This implies the need of modeling weather variables such as temperature, wind speed, solar…
We show that seismic waiting time distributions in California and Iceland have many features in common as, for example, a power-law decay with exponent $\alpha \approx 1.1$ for intermediate and with exponent $\gamma \approx 0.6$ for short…
Forecasting a particular variable can depend upon temporal or spatial scale. Temporal variations that indicate variations with time, reflect the stochasticity present in the variable. Spatial variation usually are dominant in climatology…
We consider the distribution of the duration time, the time elapsed since it began, of a diffusion process given its present position, under the assumption that the process began at the origin. For unbiased diffusion, the distribution does…
The use of the annual maximum series for flood frequency analyses limits the considered information to one event per year and one sample that is assumed to be homogeneous. However, flood may have different generating processes, such as…
The main challenges of measuring precipitation are related to the spatio-temporal variability of the drop-size distribution, to the uncertainties that condition the modeling of that distribution, and to the instrumental errors present in…
A large number of astronomical phenomena exhibit remarkably similar scaling relations. The most well-known of these is the mass distribution $\mathrm{d} N/\mathrm{d} M\propto M^{-2}$ which (to first order) describes stars, protostellar…
A long standing issue in Hydrology is the arbitrariness of the rain "event" definition. In this manuscript, we show that 1) the event definition resting on the occurrence of a minimum rainless period and the one resting a sequence of…
The theory of measurement is employed to elucidate the physical basis of general relativity. For measurements involving phenomena with intrinsic length or time scales, such scales must in general be negligible compared to the (translational…
The size distribution of mineral dust aerosols partially determines their interactions with clouds, radiation, ecosystems, and other components of the Earth system. Several theoretical models predict that the dust size distribution depends…
We review recent results on the appearance of long-term persistence in climatic records and their relevance for the evaluation of global climate models and rare events.The persistence can be characterized, for example, by the correlation…
General thermodynamic theory of metastable states is used in this short note to try to understand better atmospheric instabilities. It is shown that not only cooling of a cloud can lead to rain, but heating also, especially when there are…
Turbulence, namely, irregular fluctuations in space and time characterize fluid flows in general and atmospheric flows in particular.The irregular,i.e., nonlinear space-time fluctuations on all scales contribute to the unpredictable nature…
We derive exact predictions for universal scaling exponents and scaling functions associated with the statistics of maximum velocities vm during avalanches described by the mean field theory of the interface depinning transition. In…
Random networks with complex topology are common in Nature, describing systems as diverse as the world wide web or social and business networks. Recently, it has been demonstrated that most large networks for which topological information…
The evolution of a single raindrop falling below a cloud is governed by fluid dynamics and thermodynamics fundamentally transferable to planetary atmospheres beyond modern Earth's. Here, we show how three properties that characterize…
We applied a variety of parametric and non-parametric machine learning models to predict the probability distribution of rainfall based on 1M training examples over a single year across several U.S. states. Our top performing model based on…