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Signed graphs are equipped with both positive and negative edge weights, encoding pairwise correlations as well as anti-correlations in data. A balanced signed graph has no cycles of odd number of negative edges. Laplacian of a balanced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Haruki Yokota , Hiroshi Higashi , Yuichi Tanaka , Gene Cheung

In this paper we present new L-borderenergetic graphs, this is, graphs which are L-noncospectral with Kn but have the same Laplacian energy. We also present some graphs which are noncospectral to respective normalized Laplacian energy and…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2016-11-07 Fernando Tura

Recently, Braunstein et al. [1] introduced normalized Laplacian matrices of graphs as density matrices in quantum mechanics and studied the relationships between quantum physical properties and graph theoretical properties of the underlying…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-15 Chai Wah Wu

The energy of a graph $G$ is the sum of the absolute values of the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of $G$. Let $s^+(G), s^-(G)$ denote the sum of the squares of the positive and negative eigenvalues of $G$, respectively. It was…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-10 Aida Abiad , Leonardo de Lima , Dheer Noal Desai , Krystal Guo , Leslie Hogben , Jose Madrid

The signless Laplacian matrix of a graph $G$ is defined to be the sum of its adjacency matrix and degree diagonal matrix, and its eigenvalues are called $Q$-eigenvalues of $G$. A $Q$-eigenvalue of a graph $G$ is called a $Q$-main eigenvalue…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-04-15 Shuchao Li , Xue Yang

This paper investigates spectral properties of the deformed Laplacian matrix, which merges the Laplacian and signless Laplacian matrices of a graph through a one-parameter family of matrices. We present general results on the eigenvalues of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-04 Roberto C. Díaz , Elismar R. Oliveira , Vilmar Trevisan

We give inequalities relating the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix and the Laplacian of a graph, and its minimum and maximum degrees. The results are applied to derive new conditions for quasi-randomness of graphs.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vladimir Nikiforov

For a graph with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges, having Laplacian spectrum $\mu_1, \mu_2, \cdots,\mu_n$ and signless Laplacian spectrum $\mu^+_1,\mu^+_2, \cdots,\mu^+_n$, the Laplacian energy and signless Laplacian energy of $G$ are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-10-15 S. Pirzada , Hilal A Ganie

We introduce a new operation on a class of graphs with the property that the Laplacian eigenvalues of the input and output graphs are related. Based on this operation, we obtain a family of order (square root of n) noncospectral unicyclic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-04-05 Eliseu Fritscher , Carlos Hoppen , Vilmar Trevisan

We study the sets of inertias achieved by Laplacian matrices of weighted signed graphs. First we characterize signed graphs with a unique Laplacian inertia. Then we show that there is a sufficiently small perturbation of the nonzero weights…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2019-12-10 Keivan Hassani Monfared , Gary MacGillivray , Dale D. Olesky , Pauline van den Driessche

The energy of a graph $G$ is equal to the sum of the absolute values of the eigenvalues of $G$ , which in turn is equal to the sum of the singular values of the adjacency matrix of $G$. Let $X$, $Y$ and $Z$ be matrices, such that $X+Y= Z$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-30 Reza Sharafdini , Alireza Ataei , Habibeh Panahbar

Let $G$ be a graph with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges. The energy $E$ of the graph $G$ is defined as the sum of the moduli of the adjacency eigenvalues $\lambda_{1} \geq \lambda_{2} \geq \ldots \geq \lambda_{n}$ of $G$: $$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-09-04 Felix Goldberg

We present sharp inequalities relating the number of vertices, edges, and triangles of a graph to the smallest eigenvalue of its adjacency matrix and the largest eigenvalue of its Laplacian.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vladimir Nikiforov

A signed graph is a graph whose edges are labeled either positive or negative. Corresponding to the two signed distance matrices defined for signed graphs, we define two signed distance laplacian matrices. We characterize balance in signed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-12 Roshni T Roy , K A Germina , K Shahul Hameed , Thomas Zaslavsky

Signed graphs are equipped with both positive and negative edge weights, encoding pairwise correlations as well as anti-correlations in data. A balanced signed graph is a signed graph with no cycles containing an odd number of negative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Haruki Yokota , Hiroshi Higashi , Yuichi Tanaka , Gene Cheung

Let ${G}$ be a finite non-abelian group. The non-commuting conjugacy class graph (abbreviated as NCCC-graph) of $G$ is a simple undirected graph whose vertex set is the set of conjugacy classes of non-central elements of $G$ and two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-28 Rishabh Chakraborty , Firdous Ee Jannat , Rajat Kanti Nath

Let $G$ be a simple undirected $n$-vertex graph with the characteristic polynomial of its Laplacian matrix $L(G)$, $\det (\lambda I - L (G))=\sum_{k = 0}^n (-1)^k c_k \lambda^{n - k}$. Laplacian--like energy of a graph is newly proposed…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2011-03-25 Aleksandar Ilic , Djordje Krtinic , Milovan Ilic

Let G be a simple graph on n vertices with vertex set V(G). The energy of G, denoted by, $\mathcal{E}(G)$ is the sum of all absolute values of the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix $A(G)$. It is the first eigenvalue-based topological…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-27 B. R. Rakshith , Kinkar Chandra Das , B. J. Manjunatha

Signed graphs encode positive (attractive) and negative (repulsive) relations between nodes. We extend spectral clustering to signed graphs via the one-parameter family of Signed Power Mean Laplacians, defined as the matrix power mean of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-16 Pedro Mercado , Francesco Tudisco , Matthias Hein

The non-commuting graph of a non-abelian group $G$ with center $Z(G)$ is a simple undirected graph whose vertex set is $G\setminus Z(G)$ and two vertices $x, y$ are adjacent if $xy \ne yx$. In this study, we compute Signless Laplacian…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2023-04-03 Monalisha Sharma , Rajat Kanti Nath