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This paper presents a systematic study of the calculus of interval-valued functions and its application to interval differential equations. To this end, first, we introduce new interval arithmetic operations. Under new operations, the space…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-12-01 Wei Liu , Muhammad Aamir Ali , Yanrong An

We give a closed-form, prescriptive representation of all-multiplicity two-loop MHV amplitude integrands in fully-color-dressed (non-planar) maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-06-01 Jacob L. Bourjaily , Enrico Herrmann , Cameron Langer , Andrew J. McLeod , Jaroslav Trnka

Recently a reformulation of the MHV diagram method in N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in momentum twistor space was presented and was shown to be equivalent to the perturbative expansion of the expectation value of a supersymmetric…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-03-28 Andreas Brandhuber , Bill Spence , Gabriele Travaglini , Gang Yang

We give a representation of the parity-even part of the planar two-loop six-gluon MHV amplitude of N=4 super-Yang-Mills theory, in terms of loop-momentum integrals with simple dual conformal properties. We evaluate the integrals numerically…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Z. Bern , L. J. Dixon , D. A. Kosower , R. Roiban , M. Spradlin , C. Vergu , A. Volovich

We construct off-shell recursion relations for arbitrary loop-level scattering amplitudes beyond the conventional tree-level recursion relations for $\phi^{4}$-theory and the Yang-Mills theory. We define a quantum perturbiner expansion that…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-05-25 Kanghoon Lee

It has been a long-standing challenge to define a canonical loop integrand for non-supersymmetric gluon scattering amplitudes in the planar limit. Naive integrands are inflicted with $1/0$ ambiguities associated with tadpoles and massless…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-05-02 Nima Arkani-Hamed , Qu Cao , Jin Dong , Carolina Figueiredo , Song He

We compute all planar two-loop six-point Feynman integrals entering scattering observables in massless gauge theories such as QCD. A central result of this paper is the formulation of the differential-equations method under the algebraic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-12-31 Samuel Abreu , Pier Francesco Monni , Ben Page , Johann Usovitsch

We consider scattering amplitudes in planar N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in special kinematics where all external four-dimensional momenta are restricted to a (1+1)-dimensional subspace. The amplitudes are known to satisfy…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-05 Timothy Goddard , Paul Heslop , Valentin V. Khoze

We find an unexpected iterative structure within the two-loop five-gluon amplitude in N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. Specifically, we show that a subset of diagrams contributing to the full amplitude, including a two-loop…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Freddy Cachazo , Marcus Spradlin , Anastasia Volovich

While the achievements in the study of N=4 Super Yang-Mills through the application of integrability are impressive, the precise origins of the exact solvability remain shrouded in mystery. In this note, we propose that viewing the problem…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-01-21 Laura Koster , Vladimir Mitev , Matthias Staudacher

We compute the full set of two-loop Feynman integrals appearing in massless two-loop four-point functions with two off-shell legs with the same invariant mass. These integrals allow to determine the two-loop corrections to the amplitudes…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-06-13 Thomas Gehrmann , Andreas von Manteuffel , Lorenzo Tancredi , Erich Weihs

We compute the differential equations for the two remaining integral topologies contributing to the leading colour two-loop amplitudes for $pp \rightarrow t\bar{t}j$. We derive differential equations for the master integrals by solving the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-05-01 Simon Badger , Matteo Becchetti , Nicolò Giraudo , Simone Zoia

In addition to the superconformal symmetry of the underlying Lagrangian, the scattering amplitudes in planar N=4 super-Yang-Mills theory exhibit a new, dual superconformal symmetry. We address the question of how powerful these symmetries…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-03-17 G. P. Korchemsky , E. Sokatchev

An efficient direct solver for solving the Lippmann-Schwinger integral equation modeling acoustic scattering in the plane is presented. For a problem with $N$ degrees of freedom, the solver constructs an approximate inverse in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-07-28 Abinand Gopal , Per-Gunnar Martinsson

We study the symbol and the alphabet for two-loop NMHV amplitudes in planar ${\cal N}=4$ super-Yang-Mills from the $\bar{Q}$ equations, which provide a first-principle method for computing multi-loop amplitudes. Starting from one-loop…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-04-14 Song He , Zhenjie Li , Chi Zhang

We present a systematic framework for the maximally-transcendental part of planar QCD scattering amplitudes and perform the first bootstrap computation of six-gluon MHV amplitudes in massless QCD at the symbol level. By analyzing the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-02-04 Sérgio Carrôlo , Dmitry Chicherin , Johannes Henn , Qinglin Yang , Yang Zhang

We find a new duality for form factors of lightlike Wilson loops in planar $\mathcal N=4$ super-Yang-Mills theory. The duality maps a form factor involving an $n$-sided lightlike polygonal super-Wilson loop together with $m$ external…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-12-16 Dmitry Chicherin , Paul Heslop , Gregory P. Korchemsky , Emery Sokatchev

We apply a recently suggested new strategy to solve differential equations for Feynman integrals. We develop this method further by analyzing asymptotic expansions of the integrals. We argue that this allows the systematic application of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-18 Johannes M. Henn , Alexander V. Smirnov , Vladimir A. Smirnov

It is by now well established that, by means of the integration by part identities, all the integrals occurring in the evaluation of a Feynman graph of given topology can be expressed in terms of a few independent master integrals. It is…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-03-02 Ettore Remiddi

We propose a geometrical approach to generate symbol letters of amplitudes/integrals in planar $\mathcal{N}=4$ Super Yang-Mills theory, known as {\it Schubert problems}. Beginning with one-loop integrals, we find that intersections of lines…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-09-07 Qinglin Yang
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