English
Related papers

Related papers: Syntactic Complexity of Ideal and Closed Languages

200 papers

In this paper we consider block languages, namely sets of words having the same length, and study the deterministic and nondeterministic state complexity of several operations on these languages. Being a subclass of finite languages, the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Guilherme Duarte , Nelma Moreira , Luca Prigioniero , Rogério Reis

In this article we undertake a study of extension complexity from the perspective of formal languages. We define a natural way to associate a family of polytopes with binary languages. This allows us to define the notion of extension…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-08-29 Hans Raj Tiwary

A language L is prefix-closed if, whenever a word w is in L, then every prefix of w is also in L. We define suffix-, factor-, and subword-closed languages in the same way, where by subword we mean subsequence. We study the quotient…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-14 J. Brzozowski , G. Jirásková , C. Zou

Most slowly synchronizing automata over binary alphabets are circular, i.e., containing a letter permuting the states in a single cycle, and their set of synchronizing words has maximal state complexity, which also implies complete…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Stefan Hoffmann

We describe witness languages meeting the upper bound on the state complexity of the multiple concatenation of $k$ regular languages over an alphabet of size $k+1$ with a significantly simpler proof than that in the literature. We also…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Jozef Jirásek , Galina Jirásková

In this thesis, we study the place of regular languages within the communication complexity setting. In particular, we are interested in the non-deterministic communication complexity of regular languages. We show that a regular language…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2008-02-01 Anil Ada

Nonterminal complexity of a context-free language is the smallest possible number of nonterminals in its generating grammar. While in general case nonterminal complexity computation problem is unsolvable, it can be computed for different…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Dmitry Golubenko

The subword complexity of a finite word $w$ of length $N$ is a function which associates to each $n\le N$ the number of all distinct subwords of $w$ having the length $n$. We define the \emph{maximal complexity} C(w) as the maximum of the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2010-02-16 M-C. Anisiu , Z. Blazsik , Z. Kasa

A regular language $L$ is union-free if it can be represented by a regular expression without the union operation. A union-free language is deterministic if it can be accepted by a deterministic one-cycle-free-path finite automaton; this is…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-01-04 Janusz A. Brzozowski , Sylvie Davies

Indexed languages are a classical notion in formal language theory, which has attracted attention in recent decades due to its role in higher-order model checking: They are precisely the languages accepted by order-2 pushdown automata. The…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Richard Mandel , Corto Mascle , Georg Zetzsche

A language L is prefix-free if, whenever words u and v are in L and u is a prefix of v, then u=v. Suffix-, factor-, and subword-free languages are defined similarly, where "subword" means "subsequence". A language is bifix-free if it is…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2011-05-13 Janusz Brzozowski , Galina Jirásková , Baiyu Li , Joshua Smith

The past research on the state complexity of operations on regular languages is examined, and a new approach based on an old method (derivatives of regular expressions) is presented. Since state complexity is a property of a language, it is…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2009-07-28 Janusz Brzozowski

We give an upper bound of $n((n-1)!-(n-3)!)$ for the possible largest size of a subsemigroup of the full transformational semigroup over $n$ elements consisting only of nonpermutational transformations. As an application we gain the same…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-03-03 Szabolcs Ivan , Judit Nagy-Gyorgy

An atom of a regular language L with n (left) quotients is a non-empty intersection of uncomplemented or complemented quotients of L, where each of the n quotients appears in a term of the intersection. The quotient complexity of L, which…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2012-03-09 Janusz Brzozowski , Hellis Tamm

We introduce a subclass of the commutative regular languages that is characterized by the property that the state set of the minimal deterministic automaton can be written as a certain Cartesian product. This class behaves much better with…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Stefan Hoffmann

The atoms of a regular language are non-empty intersections of complemented and uncomplemented quotients of the language. Tight upper bounds on the number of atoms of a language and on the quotient complexities of atoms are known. We…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-05-23 Janusz Brzozowski , Gareth Davies

We give a forbidden pattern characterization for the class of generalized definite languages, show that the corresponding problem is NL-complete and can be solved in quadratic time. We also show that their syntactic complexity coincides…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2013-04-23 Szabolcs Ivan , Judit Nagy-Gyorgy

We investigate the shuffle operation on regular languages represented by complete deterministic finite automata. We prove that $f(m,n)=2^{mn-1} + 2^{(m-1)(n-1)}(2^{m-1}-1)(2^{n-1}-1)$ is an upper bound on the state complexity of the shuffle…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-07-18 Janusz Brzozowski , Galina Jirásková , Bo Liu , Aayush Rajasekaran , Marek Szykuła

We consider the state complexity of basic operations on tree languages recognized by deterministic unranked tree automata. For the operations of union and intersection the upper and lower bounds of both weakly and strongly deterministic…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2010-08-11 Xiaoxue Piao , Kai Salomaa

We compute the exact maximum state complexity for the language consisting of $m$ words of length $N$, and characterize languages achieving the maximum. We also consider a special case, namely languages $C(w)$ consisting of the conjugates of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-12-19 Daniel Gabric , Štěpán Holub , Jeffrey Shallit