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Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) approximates a non-negative endogenous data matrix as $Y_1 \approx XB$, with non-negative latent components $X$ and coefficients $B$. Standard covariate-aware NMF is feedforward: $B$ depends only on…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-18 Kenichi Satoh

This paper investigates a non-negative matrix factorization (NMF)-based approach to the semi-supervised single-channel speech enhancement problem where only non-stationary additive noise signals are given. The proposed method relies on…

Sound · Computer Science 2013-09-25 Nikolay Lyubimov , Mikhail Kotov

Bayesian model-based clustering is a widely applied procedure for discovering groups of related observations in a dataset. These approaches use Bayesian mixture models, estimated with MCMC, which provide posterior samples of the model…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-09-24 Ketong Wang , Michael D. Porter

In this paper, we introduce a probabilistic model for learning nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) that is commonly used for predicting missing values and finding hidden patterns in the data, in which the matrix factors are latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Jun Lu , Xuanyu Ye

Semi-Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (semi-NMF) extends classical Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) by allowing the basis matrix to contain both positive and negative entries, making it suitable for decomposing data with mixed signs.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Lu Chenggang

Matrix Factorization (MF) on large scale matrices is computationally as well as memory intensive task. Alternative convergence techniques are needed when the size of the input matrix is higher than the available memory on a Central…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-21 Prasad G Bhavana , Vineet C Nair

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is now a common tool for audio source separation. When learning NMF on large audio databases, one major drawback is that the complexity in time is O(FKN) when updating the dictionary (where (F;N) is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2011-06-22 Augustin Lefèvre , Francis Bach , Cédric Févotte

In this paper, we consider the symmetric multi-type non-negative matrix tri-factorization problem (SNMTF), which attempts to factorize several symmetric non-negative matrices simultaneously. This can be considered as a generalization of the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Rok Hribar , Timotej Hrga , Gregor Papa , Gašper Petelin , Janez Povh , Nataša Pržulj , Vida Vukašinović

Using nonnegative/binary matrix factorization (NBMF), a matrix can be decomposed into a nonnegative matrix and a binary matrix. Our analysis of facial images, based on NBMF and using the Fujitsu Digital Annealer, leads to successful image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Hinako Asaoka , Kazue Kudo

Boolean matrix factorization (BMF) approximates a given binary input matrix as the product of two smaller binary factors. As opposed to binary matrix factorization which uses standard arithmetic, BMF uses the Boolean OR and Boolean AND…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-05-18 Christos Kolomvakis , Arnaud Vandaele , Nicolas Gillis

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is a dimensionality reduction technique which tends to produce a sparse representation of data. Commonly, the error between the actual and recreated matrices is used as an objective function, but this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-06 Steven Squires , Adam Prugel Bennett , Mahesan Niranjan

Semi-supervised symmetric non-negative matrix factorization (SNMF) utilizes the available supervisory information (usually in the form of pairwise constraints) to improve the clustering ability of SNMF. The previous methods introduce the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Yuheng Jia , Jia-Nan Li , Wenhui Wu , Ran Wang

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has been shown to be identifiable under the separability assumption, under which all the columns(or rows) of the input data matrix belong to the convex cone generated by only a few of these columns(or…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-03-25 Jason Gejie Liu , Shuchin Aeron

Addressing the interpretability problem of NMF on Boolean data, Boolean Matrix Factorization (BMF) uses Boolean algebra to decompose the input into low-rank Boolean factor matrices. These matrices are highly interpretable and very useful in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Sebastian Dalleiger , Jilles Vreeken

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has become a prominent technique for the analysis of image databases, text databases and other information retrieval and clustering applications. In this report, we define an exact version of NMF. Then…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2007-09-27 Stephen A. Vavasis

Nonnegative matrix factorization is a powerful technique to realize dimension reduction and pattern recognition through single-layer data representation learning. Deep learning, however, with its carefully designed hierarchical structure,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-07-31 Zhenxing Guo , Shihua Zhang

Symmetric nonnegative matrix factorization (SymNMF) has important applications in data analytics problems such as document clustering, community detection and image segmentation. In this paper, we propose a novel nonconvex variable…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-03-27 Songtao Lu , Mingyi Hong , Zhengdao Wang

We propose a new variant of nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF), combining separability and sparsity assumptions. Separability requires that the columns of the first NMF factor are equal to columns of the input matrix, while sparsity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Nicolas Nadisic , Arnaud Vandaele , Jeremy E. Cohen , Nicolas Gillis

We propose a two-step algorithm for the construction of a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) of assigned size, i.e. cardinality of the state space of the underlying Markov chain, whose $n$-dimensional distribution is closest in divergence to a given…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-02-27 L. Finesso , A. Grassi , P. Spreij

We propose a portfolio allocation method based on risk factor budgeting using convex Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF). Unlike classical factor analysis, PCA, or ICA, NMF ensures positive factor loadings to obtain interpretable…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2023-06-13 Bruno Spilak , Wolfgang Karl Härdle