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Neural coreference resolution models trained on one dataset may not transfer to new, low-resource domains. Active learning mitigates this problem by sampling a small subset of data for annotators to label. While active learning is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Michelle Yuan , Patrick Xia , Chandler May , Benjamin Van Durme , Jordan Boyd-Graber

ICD-9 coding is a relevant clinical billing task, where unstructured texts with information about a patient's diagnosis and treatments are annotated with multiple ICD-9 codes. Automated ICD-9 coding is an active research field, where CNN-…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-27 Malte Feucht , Zhiliang Wu , Sophia Althammer , Volker Tresp

When arranging for third-party data annotation, it can be hard to compare how well the competing providers apply best practices to create high-quality datasets. This leads to a "race to the bottom," where competition based solely on price…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Andrew Marc Greene

Training and deploying machine learning models relies on a large amount of human-annotated data. As human labeling becomes increasingly expensive and time-consuming, recent research has developed multiple strategies to speed up annotation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Ekaterina Artemova , Akim Tsvigun , Dominik Schlechtweg , Natalia Fedorova , Konstantin Chernyshev , Sergei Tilga , Boris Obmoroshev

Clinical coding is a critical task in healthcare, although traditional methods for automating clinical coding may not provide sufficient explicit evidence for coders in production environments. This evidence is crucial, as medical coders…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Leonor Barreiros , Isabel Coutinho , Gonçalo M. Correia , Bruno Martins

Industry practitioners always face the problem of choosing the appropriate model for deployment under different considerations, such as to maximize a metric that is crucial for production, or to reduce the total cost given financial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Shi Zong , Josh Seltzer , Jiahua , Pan , Kathy Cheng , Jimmy Lin

A key bottleneck in building automatic extraction models for visually rich documents like invoices is the cost of acquiring the several thousand high-quality labeled documents that are needed to train a model with acceptable accuracy. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Yichao Zhou , James B. Wendt , Navneet Potti , Jing Xie , Sandeep Tata

Rich high-quality annotated data is critical for semantic segmentation learning, yet acquiring dense and pixel-wise ground-truth is both labor- and time-consuming. Coarse annotations (e.g., scribbles, coarse polygons) offer an economical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-29 Yadan Luo , Ziwei Wang , Zi Huang , Yang Yang , Cong Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) typically excel at coding tasks involving high-level programming languages, as opposed to lower-level programming languages, such as assembly. We propose a synthetic data generation method named C-ing Clearly,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Teodor Poncu , Ioana Pintilie , Marius Dragoi , Dragos Tantaru , Florin Brad

Recent research in the field of computer vision strongly focuses on deep learning architectures to tackle image processing problems. Deep neural networks are often considered in complex image processing scenarios since traditional computer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Marcel P. Schilling , Luca Rettenberger , Friedrich Münke , Haijun Cui , Anna A. Popova , Pavel A. Levkin , Ralf Mikut , Markus Reischl

Traditional image annotation tasks rely heavily on human effort for object selection and label assignment, making the process time-consuming and prone to decreased efficiency as annotators experience fatigue after extensive work. This paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 He Zhang , Xinyi Fu , John M. Carroll

Automated software verification is a very active field of research which has made enormous progress both in theoretical and practical aspects. Recently, an important amount of research effort has been put into applying these techniques on…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2010-11-16 Guido de Caso , Diego Garbervetsky , Daniel Gorín

One of the most time-consuming tasks for developers is the comprehension of new code bases. An effective approach to aid this process is to label source code files with meaningful annotations, which can help developers understand the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Cezar Sas , Andrea Capiluppi

Large datasets in NLP suffer from noisy labels, due to erroneous automatic and human annotation procedures. We study the problem of text classification with label noise, and aim to capture this noise through an auxiliary noise model over…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Siddhant Garg , Goutham Ramakrishnan , Varun Thumbe

Aggregating multiple annotations into a single ground truth label may hide valuable insights into annotator disagreement, particularly in tasks where subjectivity plays a crucial role. In this work, we explore methods for identifying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Amir Homayounirad , Enrico Liscio , Tong Wang , Catholijn M. Jonker , Luciano C. Siebert

Polygons are a common annotation format used for quickly annotating objects in instance segmentation tasks. However, many real-world annotation projects request near pixel-perfect labels. While strict pixel guidelines may appear to be the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Eric Zimmermann , Justin Szeto , Frederic Ratle

Recent work has shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) are not only a suitable tool for code generation but also capable of generating annotation-based code specifications. Scaling these methodologies may allow us to deduce provable…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Samuel Teuber , Bernhard Beckert

Due to the expensive costs of collecting labels in multi-label classification datasets, partially annotated multi-label classification has become an emerging field in computer vision. One baseline approach to this task is to assume…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Youngwook Kim , Jae Myung Kim , Jieun Jeong , Cordelia Schmid , Zeynep Akata , Jungwoo Lee

The field of information retrieval often works with limited and noisy data in an attempt to classify documents into subjective categories, e.g., relevance, sentiment and controversy. We typically quantify a notion of agreement to understand…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-06-14 John Foley

When constructing models that learn from noisy labels produced by multiple annotators, it is important to accurately estimate the reliability of annotators. Annotators may provide labels of inconsistent quality due to their varying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-14 Maolin Li , Arvid Fahlström Myrman , Tingting Mu , Sophia Ananiadou
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