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Chapter 4 in High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is one of the largest scientific instruments ever built. Since opening up a new energy frontier for exploration in 2010, it has gathered a global…

The ATLAS Planar Pixel Sensor R&D Project is a collaboration of 17 institutes and more than 80 scientists. Their goal is to explore the operation of planar pixel sensors for the tracker upgrade at the High Luminosity-Large Hadron Collider…

Active pixel sensors based on the High-Voltage CMOS technology are being investigated as a viable option for the future pixel tracker of the ATLAS experiment at the High-Luminosity LHC. This paper reports on the testbeam measurements…

The CMS tracker consists of two tracking systems utilizing semiconductor technology: the inner pixel and the outer strip detectors. The tracker detectors occupy the volume around the beam interaction region between 3 cm and 110 cm in radius…

These days, while the landscape of discoveries at LHC has yet to be unveiled, planning for upgrades twenty years or more in advance towards a possible experimental scenario, might sound very imaginative and ambitious. Nevertheless, as plans…

The CMS muon system operates gas-based detectors. Upgrades of the detectors and trigger components are needed to cope with increasingly challenging conditions of the HL-LHC. New irradiation tests are performed to ensure that the muon…

A second major LHCb detector upgrade will be installed during long shutdown 4 (LS4) of the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The new detector will provide excellent performance for studies of Quantum Chromodynamics at high temperature and…

The tracking system of the CMS experiment, currently under construction at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN (Geneva, Switzerland), will include a silicon pixel detector providing three spacial measurements in its final configuration…

The CMS detector will undergo significant improvements to face the 10-fold increase in integrated luminosity of LHC, the so-called High-Luminosity LHC, scheduled to start in 2027. This will include a completely new calorimeter in the CMS…

The Beam Conditions and Radiation Monitoring System, BRM, is implemented in CMS to protect the detector and provide an interface to the LHC. Seven sub-systems monitor beam conditions and the radiation level inside the detector on different…

The High Luminosity upgrade of the CERN Large Hadron Collider will be able to reach a peak instantaneous luminosity of 5E34/cm2 s. The innermost detectors of the CMS and ATLAS experiments will have to cope with unprecedented requirements on…

Chapter 13 in High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) : Preliminary Design Report. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is one of the largest scientific instruments ever built. Since opening up a new energy frontier for exploration in…

The CMS experiment will include a pixel detector for pattern recognition and vertexing. It will consist of three barrel layers and two endcaps on each side, providing three space-points up to a pseudoraditity of 2.1. Taking into account the…

We discuss the physics potential and the experimental challenges of an upgraded LHC running at an instantaneous luminosity of 10**35 cm-2s-1. The detector R&D needed to operate ATLAS and CMS in a very high radiation environment and the…

Data Acquisition and Control Systems used in high energy physics experiments, such as those which will take place in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, require the specification of data formats and transmission protocols as well as…

In the framework of the "LHC Injectors Upgrade" (LIU) project, the CERN Proton Synchrotron (PS) is being prepared as a pre-injector for the Large Hadron Collider at high luminosity (HL-LHC). RF systems at 20 MHz, 40 MHz and 80 MHz are…

Chapter 2 in High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) : Preliminary Design Report. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is one of the largest scientific instruments ever built. Since opening up a new energy frontier for exploration in…

The central component of the CMS detector is the largest silicon tracker ever built. The precise alignment of this complex device is a formidable challenge, and only achievable with a significant extension of the technologies routinely used…

A large Time Projection Chamber is the main device for tracking and charged-particle identification in the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC. After the second long shutdown in 2019/20, the LHC will deliver Pb beams colliding at an…

The planned upgrade of the CMS detector for the High Luminosity LHC allows to find tracks in the silicon tracker for every single LHC collision and use them in the first level (hardware) trigger decision. So far, studies by CMS…