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This thesis aims at concluding the classification results for topological phases with symmetry in 2+1 dimensions. The main result is that topological phases are classified by a triple of unitary braided fusion categories $\mathcal…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-01-08 Tian Lan

In the study of 2d (the space dimension) topological orders, it is well-known that bulk excitations are classified by unitary modular tensor categories. But these categories only describe the local observables on an open 2-disk in the long…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2018-06-18 Yinghua Ai , Liang Kong , Hao Zheng

We show that quantum systems of extended objects naturally give rise to a large class of exotic phases - namely topological phases. These phases occur when the extended objects, called ``string-nets'', become highly fluctuating and…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2009-11-10 Michael A. Levin , Xiao-Gang Wen

We investigate (3+1)d topological orders in fermionic systems with an anomalous $\mathbb{Z}_{2N}^{\mathrm{F}}$ symmetry, where its $\mathbb{Z}_2^{\mathrm{F}}$ subgroup is the fermion parity. Such an anomalous symmetry arises as the discrete…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-03-09 Meng Cheng , Juven Wang , Xinping Yang

Motivated by the duality between site-centered spin and bond-centered spin in one-dimensional system, which connects two different constructions of fermions from the same set of Majorana fermions, we show that two-dimensional models with…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2008-11-26 Han-Dong Chen , Jiangping Hu

As is well-known in the context of topological insulators and superconductors, short-range-correlated fermionic pure Gaussian states with fundamental symmetries are systematically classified by the periodic table. We revisit this topic from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-14 Zongping Gong , Tommaso Guaita

Chiral edge states of 2+1 dimensional Abelian and non-Abelian topological phases can be represented by chiral conformal field theories with integer and non-integer values of central charge, respectively. In this work we describe certain…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-10-16 Carlos A. Hernaski , Pedro R. S. Gomes

We introduce a technique to construct gapped lattice models using defects in topological field theory. We illustrate with 2+1 dimensional models, for example Chern-Simons theories. These models are local, though the state space is not…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-06-06 Daniel S. Freed , Michael J. Hopkins , Constantin Teleman

The notion of higher-order topological phases can have interesting generalizations to systems with subsystem symmetries that exhibit fractonic dynamics for charged excitations. In this work, we systematically study the higher-order…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-08-02 Jian-Hao Zhang , Meng Cheng , Zhen Bi

In this paper we propose a Hamiltonian approach to gapped topological phases on an open surface with boundary. Our setting is an extension of the Levin-Wen model to a 2d graph on the open surface, whose boundary is part of the graph. We…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-01-31 Yuting Hu , Zhu-Xi Luo , Ren Pankovich , Yidun Wan , Yong-Shi Wu

Gapped phases of noninteracting fermions, with and without charge conservation and time-reversal symmetry, are classified using Bott periodicity. The symmetry and spatial dimension determines a general universality class, which corresponds…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Alexei Kitaev

We elaborate an algebraic framework for describing internal topological symmetries of gapped boundaries of (2+1)D topological orders. We present a categorical obstruction to the coherence of bulk group symmetry and boundary symmetries in…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2024-08-21 Kylan Schatz

We consider fermionic systems in which fermion parity is conserved within rigid subsystems, and describe an explicit procedure for gauging such subsystem fermion parity symmetries to obtain bosonic spin Hamiltonians. We show that gauging…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-09-01 Wilbur Shirley

We study the topological classification and related edge states of magnons in ferromagnets on honeycomb that can be described by a class of single-particle bosonic Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) models. Both single layer and bilayer situations…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-05-01 Youwen wang , Qiutong Wang , Qingjun Tong , Ci Li

There is exactly one bosonic (3+1)-dimensional topological order whose only nontrivial particle is an emergent boson: pure $\mathbb{Z}_2$ gauge theory. There are exactly two (3+1)-dimensional topological orders whose only nontrivial…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2020-11-24 Theo Johnson-Freyd

In recent years, fermionic topological phases of quantum matter has attracted a lot of attention. In a pioneer work by Gu, Wang and Wen, the concept of equivalence classes of fermionic local unitary(FLU) transformations was proposed to…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-10-28 Jing-Ren Zhou , Qing-Rui Wang , Zheng-Cheng Gu

The interplay between symmetry and topological properties plays a very important role in modern physics. In the past decade, the concept of symmetry-enriched topological (SET) phases was proposed and their classifications have been…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-02-16 Jing-Ren Zhou , Zheng-Cheng Gu

String-net models allow us to systematically construct and classify 2+1D topologically ordered states which can have gapped boundaries. We can use a simple ideal string-net wavefunction, which is described by a set of F-matrices [or more…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2014-11-27 Tian Lan , Xiao-Gang Wen

We analyze chiral topological edge modes in a non-Hermitian variant of the 2D Dirac equation. Such modes appear at interfaces between media with different "masses" and/or signs of the "non-Hermitian charge". The existence of these edge…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-01-25 Daniel Leykam , Konstantin Y. Bliokh , Chunli Huang , Y. D. Chong , Franco Nori

We investigate the Morita equivalences of (4+1)-dimensional topological orders. We show that any (4+1)-dimensional super (fermionic) topological order admits a gapped boundary condition -- in other words, all (4+1)-dimensional super…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-09-28 Theo Johnson-Freyd , Matthew Yu