Related papers: Thermalization at lowest energies? A view from a t…
We discuss the possibility of equilibrium (and thermalization) in heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies within a transport model. This was achieved by dividing the nuclear matter into different collision zones. We find that those…
In this review article, we first briefly introduce the transport theory and quantum molecular dynamics model applied in the study of the heavy ion collisions from low to intermediate energies. The developments of improved quantum molecular…
Using the string melting version of a multiphase transport model, we focus on the evolution of thermodynamic properties of the central cell of parton matter produced in Au$+$Au collisions ranging from 200 GeV down to 2.7 GeV. The…
We study thermal axion production around the confinement scale. At higher temperatures, we extend current calculations to account for the masses of heavy quarks, whereas we quantify production via hadron scattering at lower temperatures.…
Spectra of various particle species have been calculated with the Quantum Molecular Dynamics (QMD) model for very central collisions of Au+Au. They are compatible with the idea of a fully stopped thermal source which exhibits a transversal…
A method to determine the kinetic freeze-out temperature in heavy-ion collisions from measured yields of short-lived resonances is presented. The resonance production is treated in the framework of thermal model with an evolution between…
The measurement and interpretation of isotopic yield ratios in heavy ion reactions at intermediate and high energies are discussed and the usefulness of these observables for establishing equilibrium properties and for determining…
Hadronic interactions are crucial for the dynamical description of heavy-ion reactions at low collision energies and in the late dilute stages at high collision energies. In particular, the properties and decay channels of resonances are an…
The nuclear symmetry energy as a function of density is rather poorly constrained theoretically and experimentally both below saturation density, but particularly at high density, where very few relevant experimental data exist. We discuss…
A radiative transport model is used to study kinetic equilibration during the early stage of a relativistic heavy ion collision. The parton system is found to be able to overcome expansion and move toward thermalization via parton…
We investigate the efficiency at maximum power (EMP) of irreversible quantum Carnot engines that perform finite-time cycles between two temperature tunable baths. The temperature form we adopt can be experimentally realized in squeezed…
Within the framework of the quantum molecular dynamics transport model, the pion production and constraint of the high-density symmetry energy in heavy-ion collisions near threshold energy have been thoroughly investigated. The energy…
We study the thermodynamics and the susceptibilities of quark matter in the framework of two-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model at finite isospin chemical potential and temperature. Isospin number density, normalized energy density and trace…
We analyse the production and propagation of pions and kaons in heavy-ion reactions from 0.8 -- 1.8~A$\cdot$GeV within a coupled channel transport approach including the kaon production channels $BB \to K^+YN, \pi B\to K^+Y, BB \to NN K…
The production of neutral pions and eta mesons in collisions of light, intermediate-mass, and heavy nuclei at beam energies between 0.8 A GeV and 2.0 A GeV is discussed in the framework of a model assuming equilibrium at hadrochemical and…
We discuss a quantum typicality approach to examine systems composed of two subsystems at different temperatures. While dynamical quantum typicality is usually used to simulate high-temperature dynamics, we also investigate low-temperature…
We give a review of modern theoretical understanding of the physics of QCD at finite temperature. Three temperature regions are studied in details: the low temperature region where the system presents a rarefied pion gas and its properties…
In recent years, a phenomenological solar wind heating model based on a turbulent energy cascade prescribed by the Kolmogorov theory has produced reasonably good agreement with observations on proton temperatures out to distances around 70…
In the framework of the multi-source thermal model employing the Tsallis distribution, the transverse momentum distributions of kaon, pion, and (anti -)proton production in U+U collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 193 GeV with varying centrality…
Classical and path integral molecular dynamics (PIMD) simulations are used to study alpha-quartz and beta-quartz in a large range of temperatures at zero external stress. PIMD account for quantum fluctuations of atomic vibrations, which can…