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The concepts of conditional mutual information (CMI) and normalized conditional mutual information (NCMI) are introduced to measure the concentration and separation performance of a classification deep neural network (DNN) in the output…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-19 En-Hui Yang , Shayan Mohajer Hamidi , Linfeng Ye , Renhao Tan , Beverly Yang

Multivariate normal mixtures provide a flexible model for high-dimensional data. They are widely used in statistical genetics, statistical finance, and other disciplines. Due to the unboundedness of the likelihood function, classical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-05-27 Jiahua Chen , Xianming Tan

The empirical Bayes $g$-modeling approach via the nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator (NPMLE) is widely used for large-scale estimation and inference in the normal means problem, yet theoretical guarantees for uncertainty…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Taehyun Kim , Bodhisattva Sen

In this paper, we consider distributed maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) with dependent quantized data under the assumption that the structure of the joint probability density function (pdf) is known, but it contains unknown deterministic…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-09-17 Xiaojing Shen , Pramod K. Varshney , Yunmin Zhu

The asymptotic normality of the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) under regularity conditions is a cornerstone of statistical theory. In this paper, we give explicit upper bounds on the distributional distance between the distribution of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-07-23 Andreas Anastasiou

Generalized linear models (GLMs) are fundamental tools for statistical modeling, with maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) serving as the classical approach for parameter inference. While MLE performs well for canonical GLMs, it can become…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-03 Linglingzhi Zhu , Jonghyeok Lee , Yao Xie

We reveal the relations between the conditional normalized maximum likelihood (CNML) distributions and Bayesian predictive densities based on the latent information priors (LIPs). In particular, CNML3, which is one type of CNML…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-27 Mutsuki Kojima , Fumiyasu Komaki

Anomaly estimation, or the problem of finding a subset of a dataset that differs from the rest of the dataset, is a classic problem in machine learning and data mining. In both theoretical work and in applications, the anomaly is assumed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Uthsav Chitra , Kimberly Ding , Jasper C. H. Lee , Benjamin J. Raphael

We study the consistency and optimality of the maximum marginal likelihood estimate (MMLE) in the hyperparameter inference for large-degree-of-freedom models. We perform main analyses within the exponential family, where the natural…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-27 Dye SK Sato , Yukitoshi Fukahata

Three steps in the development of the maximum likelihood (ML) method are presented. At first, the application of the ML method and Fisher information notion in the model selection analysis is described (Chapter 1). The fundamentals of…

General Physics · Physics 2012-11-16 Jacek Syska

Normalized mutual information is widely used as a similarity measure for evaluating the performance of clustering and classification algorithms. In this paper, we argue that results returned by the normalized mutual information are biased…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Maximilian Jerdee , Alec Kirkley , M. E. J. Newman

The maximum likelihood degree (ML degree) measures the algebraic complexity of a fundamental optimization problem in statistics: maximum likelihood estimation. In this problem, one maximizes the likelihood function over a statistical model.…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2017-02-13 Jose Israel Rodriguez , Botong Wang

The Predictive Normalized Maximum Likelihood (pNML) scheme has been recently suggested for universal learning in the individual setting, where both the training and test samples are individual data. The goal of universal learning is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-09 Koby Bibas , Yaniv Fogel , Meir Feder

We introduce a new updating rule, the conditional maximum likelihood rule (CML) for updating ambiguous information. The CML formula replaces the likelihood term in Bayes' rule with the maximal likelihood of the given signal conditional on…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-12-29 Rui Tang

Nested Sampling is a method for computing the Bayesian evidence, also called the marginal likelihood, which is the integral of the likelihood with respect to the prior. More generally, it is a numerical probabilistic quadrature rule. The…

Computation · Statistics 2023-10-09 Jonas Latz , Doris Schneider , Philipp Wacker

This paper considers nonlinear dynamic models where the main parameter of interest is a nonnegative matrix characterizing the network (contagion) effects. This network matrix is usually constrained either by assuming a limited number of…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-11-23 Christian Gourieroux , Joann Jasiak

Comparison of appropriate models to describe observational data is a fundamental task of science. The Bayesian model evidence, or marginal likelihood, is a computationally challenging, yet crucial, quantity to estimate to perform Bayesian…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-10 A. Spurio Mancini , M. M. Docherty , M. A. Price , J. D. McEwen

This paper discusses difference-in-differences (DID) estimation when there exist many control variables, potentially more than the sample size. In this case, traditional estimation methods, which require a limited number of variables, do…

General Economics · Economics 2019-01-09 Neng-Chieh Chang

In this work, we derive some novel properties of the bimodal normal distribution. Some of its mathematical properties are examined. We provide a formal proof for the bimodality and assess identifiability. We then discuss the maximum…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-06-02 Roberto Vila , Helton Saulo , Jamer Roldan

Network meta-analysis (NMA) of rare events has attracted little attention in the literature. Until recently, networks of interventions with rare events were analyzed using the inverse-variance NMA approach. However, when events are rare the…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-09-22 Theodoros Evrenoglou , Ian White , Sivem Afach , Dimitris Mavridis , Anna Chaimani