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In the last decade, efforts have been made to reconcile theoretical security with realistic imperfect implementations of quantum key distribution (QKD). Implementable countermeasures are proposed to patch the discovered loopholes. However,…

Deep learning-based object detection has become ubiquitous in the last decade due to its high accuracy in many real-world applications. With this growing trend, these models are interested in being attacked by adversaries, with most of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Pham Phuc , Son Vuong , Khang Nguyen , Tuan Dang

Achieving high quantum efficiency (QE) with low dark count is essential for highly sensitive photodetectors (PDs), including single photon avalanche detectors (SPADs). However, high QE requires a thicker absorber region, which leads to high…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-07-25 Sagar Chowdhury , Rituraj , Srini Krishnamurthy , Vidya Praveen Bhallamudi

Detectors that can resolve photon number are needed in many quantum information technologies. In order to be useful in quantum information processing, such detectors should be simple, easy to use, and be scalable to resolve any number of…

The influence of bright light on a single-photon detector has been described in a number of recent publications. The impact on quantum key distribution (QKD) is important, and several hacking experiments have been tailored to fully control…

We demonstrate an efficient photon number detector for visible wavelengths using a silicon avalanche photodiode. Under subnanosecond gating, the device is able to resolve up to four photons in an incident optical pulse. The detection…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-21 O. Thomas , Z. L. Yuan , J. F. Dynes , A. W. Sharpe , A. J. Shields

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a scheme to render the detection apparatus of a Quantum Key Distribution system immune to the main classes of hacking attacks in which the eavesdropper explores the back-door opened by the…

Security of an ideal system for quantum key distribution can be formally proved. However, technological imperfections of real systems can be misused by an eavesdropper to get information about the key without causing a detectable change in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-21 Miloslav Dušek , Siddarth Koduru Joshi

All optical detectors to date annihilate photons upon detection, thus excluding repeated measurements. Here, we demonstrate a robust photon detection scheme which does not rely on absorption. Instead, an incoming photon is reflected off an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-16 Andreas Reiserer , Stephan Ritter , Gerhard Rempe

In this paper, we proposed a pseudo antibunching effect on one single photon detector. Though this pseudo antibunching effect is not a sign of the non classical properties of the light field as the antibunching effect. It will give some…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-19 Jianhong Shi , Yuxing Liu , Guihua Zeng

Avalanche photodiode based single photon detectors, as crucial and practical components, are widely used in quantum key distribution (QKD) systems. For effective detection, most of these SPDs are operated in the gated mode, in which the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-25 Yong-Jun Qian , De-Yong He , Shuang Wang , Wei Chen , Zhen-Qiang Yin , Guang-Can Guo , Zheng-Fu Han

The use of linearly independent signal states in realistic implementations of quantum key distribution (QKD) enables an eavesdropper to perform unambiguous state discrimination. We explore quantitatively the limits for secure QKD imposed by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Miloslav Dusek , Mika Jahma , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Practical implementations of quantum key distribution (QKD) have been shown to be subject to various detector side-channel attacks that compromise the promised unconditional security. Most notable is a general class of attacks adopting the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-05 Salem F. Hegazy , Salah S. A. Obayya , Bahaa E. A. Saleh

We propose a countermeasure against the so-call tailored bright illumination attacl dor Differential-Phase-Shift QKD (DPS-QKD). By Monitoring a rate of coincidence detection at a pair of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors…

We present a method to control the detection events in quantum key distribution systems that use gated single-photon detectors. We employ bright pulses as faked states, timed to arrive at the avalanche photodiodes outside the activation…

Several attacks have been proposed on quantum key distribution systems with gated single-photon detectors. The attacks involve triggering the detectors outside the center of the detector gate, and/or using bright illumination to exploit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-15 Lars Lydersen , Vadim Makarov , Johannes Skaar

We present a gated silicon single photon detector based on a commercially available avalanche photodiode. Our detector achieves a photon detection efficiency of 45\pm5% at 808 nm with 2x 10^-6 dark count per ns at -30V of excess bias and…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-11 T. Lunghi , E. Pomarico , C. Barreiro , D. Stucki , B. Sanguinetti , H. Zbinden

A highly sensitive photodetection system with a detection limit of 1 photon/s was developed. This system uses a commercially available 200-mm-diameter silicon avalanche photodiode (APD) and an in-house-developed ultralow-noise readout…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Makoto Akiba , Mikio Fujiwara , Masahide Sasaki

A simple photon-number splitting attack is described which works on any lossy quantum key distribution system with a multi-photon source independently of the mean source photon number, and with no induced error rate. In particular, it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-08-07 Horace P. Yuen

Photon number resolving detectors are needed for a variety of applications including linear-optics quantum computing. Here we describe the use of time-multiplexing techniques that allows ordinary single photon detectors, such as silicon…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. J. Fitch , B. C. Jacobs , T. B. Pittman , J. D. Franson