Related papers: The Physical Model in Action: Quality Control for …
NACO is the famous and versatile diffraction limited NIR imager and spectrograph with which ESO celebrated 10 years of Adaptive Optics at the VLT. Since two years a substantial effort has been put in to understanding and fixing issues that…
We propose a new modeling approach for scatter estimation and descattering in polyenergetic X-ray computed tomography (CT) based on fitting models to local neighborhoods of a training set. X-ray CT is widely used in medical and industrial…
Long-exposure stellar images recorded with large ground-based telescopes are blurred due to the turbulent nature of the atmosphere. The VLT employs active and adaptive optics (AO) systems to compensate for the deleterious effects of the…
Scaling laws have been recently employed to derive compute-optimal model size (number of parameters) for a given compute duration. We advance and refine such methods to infer compute-optimal model shapes, such as width and depth, and…
Dimensionality reduction represents the process of generating a low dimensional representation of high dimensional data. Motivated by the formation control of mobile agents, we propose a nonlinear dynamical system for dimensionality…
The Virtual Telescope for X-ray Observations (VTXO) will use lightweight Phase Fresnel Lenses (PFLs) in a virtual X-ray telescope with $\sim$1 km focal length and with $\sim$50 milli-arcsecond angular resolution. VTXO is formed by using…
A model of quantum measurement is proposed, which aims to describe statistical mechanical aspects of this phenomenon, starting from a purely Hamiltonian formulation. The macroscopic measurement apparatus is modeled as an ideal Bose gas, the…
Precise perception of the environment is essential in highly automated driving systems, which rely on machine learning tasks such as object detection and segmentation. Compression of sensor data is commonly used for data handling, while…
While purely data-driven assessment is feasible for the first levels of the Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) process, namely damage detection and arguably damage localization, this does not hold true for more advanced processes. The tasks…
X-Shooter is the first second-generation instrument for the ESO-VLT. It as a spectrograph covering the 300 - 2480 nm spectral range at once with a high resolving power. These properties enticed us to observe (136199) Eris during the science…
X-ray interaction with matter is an energy-dependent process that is contingent on the atomic structure of the constituent material elements. The most advanced models to capture this relationship currently rely on Monte Carlo (MC)…
The weighted Euler characteristic transform (WECT) is a new tool for extracting shape information from data equipped with a weight function. Image data may benefit from the WECT where the intensity of the pixels are used to define the…
The XMM-OM instrument extends the spectral coverage of the XMM-Newton observatory into the ultraviolet and optical range. It provides imaging and time-resolved data on targets simultaneously with observations in the EPIC and RGS. It also…
Material properties strongly depend on the nature and concentration of defects. Characterizing these features may require nano- to atomic-scale resolution to establish structure-property relationships. 4D-STEM, a technique where diffraction…
Defects in crystalline materials control the properties of materials, and their characterization focuses our strategies to optimize performance. Electron microscopy has served as the backbone of our understanding of defect structure and…
This document defines the high level metadata necessary to describe the physical parameter space of observed or simulated astronomical data sets, such as 2D-images, data cubes, X-ray event lists, IFU data, etc.. The Characterisation data…
The RISTRETTO project is aiming to build an instrument that will detect the reflected light from close-by exoplanet. It is a two stage instrument: An extreme AO system in the visible, followed by a seven spaxel single mode High resolution…
Spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) has emerged as a powerful and non-destructive optical characterization technique for probing the complex dielectric properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials. This review provides a comprehensive overview…
This paper presents a novel software driven voltage tuning method that utilises multi-purpose Ring Oscillators (ROs) to provide process variation and environment sensitive energy reductions. The proposed technique enables voltage tuning…
Real-time optics and spectroscopy simulations ideally provide results at update rates of 120 Hz or more without any noticeable delay between changing input parameters and the calculated results. Such calculations require models of…