English
Related papers

Related papers: Some Theorems on the Algorithmic Approach to Proba…

200 papers

Information-theoretic derivations of the formalism of quantum theory have recently attracted much attention. We analyze the axioms underlying a few such derivations and propose a conceptual framework in which, by combining several…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alexei Grinbaum

Some established and also novel techniques in the field of applications of algorithmic (Kolmogorov) complexity currently co-exist for the first time and are here reviewed, ranging from dominant ones such as statistical lossless compression…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Hector Zenil

In this paper we briefly review and analyze three published proofs of Chaitin's theorem, the celebrated information-theoretic version of G\"odel's incompleteness theorem. Then, we discuss our main perplexity concerning a key step common to…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2016-09-07 Germano D'Abramo

This paper reviews the basic ideas behind a Bayesian unfolding published some years ago and improves their implementation. In particular, uncertainties are now treated at all levels by probability density functions and their propagation is…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2010-10-05 G. D'Agostini

We give a survey of the foundations of statistical queries and their many applications to other areas. We introduce the model, give the main definitions, and we explore the fundamental theory statistical queries and how how it connects to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-15 Lev Reyzin

Despite the increasing popularity of metaheuristics, many crucially important questions remain unanswered. There are two important issues: theoretical framework and the gap between theory and applications. At the moment, the practice of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-11-29 Xin-She Yang

This is a technical report, containing all the theorem proofs and additional evaluations in paper "Monitor Placement for Maximal Identifiability in Network Tomography" by Liang Ma, Ting He, Kin K. Leung, Ananthram Swami, Don Towsley,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Liang Ma , Ting He , Kin K. Leung , Ananthram Swami , Don Towsley

This is a typeset version of Alan Turing's declassified Second World War paper \textit{Paper on Statistics of Repetitions}. See the companion paper, \textit{The Applications of Probability to Cryptography}, also available from arXiv at…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2015-05-27 Ian Taylor

Attribute exploration has been investigated in several studies, with particular emphasis on the algorithmic aspects of this knowledge acquisition method. In its basic version the method itself is rather simple and transparent. But when…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-11-20 Daniel Borchmann , Bernhard Ganter

This text is a survey of the general theory of stochastic processes, with a view towards random times and enlargements of filtrations. The first five chapters present standard materials, which were developed by the French probability school…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ashkan Nikeghbali

As a part of the construction of an information theory based on general probabilistic theories, we propose and investigate the several distinguishability measures and "entropies" in general probabilistic theories. As their applications,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 Gen Kimura , Koji Nuida , Hideki Imai

The concept of Probability of Causation (PC) is critically important in legal contexts and can help in many other domains. While it has been around since 1986, current operationalizations can obtain only the minimum and maximum values of…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-08-14 Tapajit Dey , Audris Mockus

This text presents an unified approach of probability and statistics in the pursuit of understanding and computation of randomness in engineering or physical or social system with prediction with generalizability. Starting from elementary…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2024-01-19 Lakshman Mahto

This habilitation thesis summarizes the research that I have carried out from 2005 to 2019. It is organized in four chapters. The first three deal with random planar maps. Chapter 1 is about their metric properties: from a general…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-12-17 Jérémie Bouttier

This report introduces general ideas and some basic methods of the Bayesian probability theory applied to physics measurements. Our aim is to make the reader familiar, through examples rather than rigorous formalism, with concepts such as:…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2009-11-10 G. D'Agostini

We introduce a hierarchical classification of theories that describe systems with fundamentally limited information content. This property is introduced in an operational way and gives rise to the existence of mutually complementary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-05-27 Tomasz Paterek , Borivoje Dakic , Caslav Brukner

taking aside the review part, a finite-cardinality's set of new ideas concerning algorithmic information issues in Quantum Mechanics is introduced and analyzed

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Gavriel Segre

The ideas of aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty are widely used to reason about the probabilistic predictions of machine-learning models. We identify incoherence in existing discussions of these ideas and suggest this stems from the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Freddie Bickford Smith , Jannik Kossen , Eleanor Trollope , Mark van der Wilk , Adam Foster , Tom Rainforth

What makes a paper independently reproducible? Debates on reproducibility center around intuition or assumptions but lack empirical results. Our field focuses on releasing code, which is important, but is not sufficient for determining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Edward Raff

The definition of conditional probability in case of continuous distributions was an important step in the development of mathematical theory of probabilities. How can we define this notion in algorithmic probability theory? In this survey…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-07-15 Bruno Bauwens , Alexander Shen , Hayato Takahashi