Related papers: Closed surfaces with bounds on their Willmore ener…
Functionals involving surface curvature are important across a range of scientific disciplines, and their extrema are representative of physically meaningful objects such as atomic lattices and biomembranes. Inspired in particular by the…
The tori $T_r = r S^1 \times s S^1 \subset S^3$, where $r^2 + s^2 = 1$, are constrained Willmore surfaces, i.e. critical points of the Willmore functional among tori of the same conformal type. We compute which of the $T_r$ are stable…
In this paper we study equivariant constrained Willmore tori in the 3-sphere. These tori admit a 1-parameter group of M\"obius symmetries and are critical points of the Willmore energy under conformal variations. We show that the associated…
We prove a bubble-neck decomposition together with an energy quantization result for sequences of Willmore surfaces into an arbitrary euclidian space with uniformly bounded energy and non-degenerating conformal type. We deduce the strong…
By the classical Li-Yau inequality, an immersion of a closed surface in $\mathbb{R}^n$ with Willmore energy below $8\pi$ has to be embedded. We discuss analogous results for curves in $\mathbb{R}^2$, involving Euler's elastic energy and…
The neural Willmore flow of a closed oriented $2$-surface in $\mathbb{R}^3$ is introduced as a natural evolution process to minimise the Willmore energy, which is the squared $L^2$-norm of mean curvature. Neural architectures are used to…
A new functional for simplicial surfaces is suggested. It is invariant with respect to Moebius transformations and is a discrete analogue of the Willmore functional. Minima of this functional are investigated. as an application a bending…
We define and construct a conformally invariant energy for closed smoothly immersed submanifolds of even dimension, but of arbitrary codimension, in conformally flat Riemannian manifolds. This is a higher dimensional analogue of the…
An anisotropic surface energy is the integral of an energy density that depends on the normal at each point over the considered surface, and it is a generalization of surface area. The minimizer of such an energy among all closed surfaces…
A well known result of Da Rios and Levi-Civita says that a closed planar curve is elastic if and only if it is stationary under the localized induction (or smoke ring) equation, where stationary means that the evolution under the localized…
We consider an energy functional on surface immersions which includes contributions from both boundary and interior. Inspired by physical examples, the boundary is modeled as the center line of a generalized Kirchhoff elastic rod, while the…
The most general conformally invariant bending energy of a closed four-dimensional surface, polynomial in the extrinsic curvature and its derivatives, is constructed. This invariance manifests itself as a set of constraints on the…
We study surface energies depending on the mean curvature in total spaces of Killing submersions, which extend the classical notion of Willmore energy. Based on a symmetry reduction procedure, we construct vertical tori critical for these…
We found a new formulation to the Euler-Lagrange equation of the Willmore functional for immersed surfaces in ${\R}^m$. This new formulation of Willmore equation appears to be of divergence form, moreover, the non-linearities are made of…
This paper is dedicated to the exploration of the conformal Willmore functional for surfaces within 4-dimensional conformal manifolds. We provide a detailed calculation of both the first and second variations, and present the Euler-Lagrange…
This is a companion paper to arXiv:1207.3529 where we introduced the spinorial energy functional and studied its main properties in dimensions equal or greater than three. In this article we focus on the surface case. A salient feature here…
We study complete minimal surfaces in $\mathbb{R}^n$ with finite total curvature and embedded planar ends. After conformal compactification via inversion, these yield examples of surfaces stationary for the Willmore bending energy…
We prove lower Dirac eigenvalue bounds for closed surfaces with a spin structure whose Arf invariant equals 1. Besides the area only one geometric quantity enters in these estimates, the spin-cut-diameter which depends on the choice of spin…
A new approach is proposed for study structure and properties of the total squared mean curvature $W$ of surfaces in ${\bf R}^3$. It is based on the generalized Weierstrass formulae for inducing surfaces. The quantity $W$ (Willmore…
In this paper we consider two special classes of constrained Willmore tori in the 3-sphere. The first class is given by the rotation of closed elastic curves in the upper half plane - viewed as the hyperbolic plane - around the x-axis. The…