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Hadronic interactions are crucial for the dynamical description of heavy-ion reactions at low collision energies and in the late dilute stages at high collision energies. In particular, the properties and decay channels of resonances are an…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-12-23 Vinzent Steinberg , Jan Steinheimer , Hannah Elfner , Marcus Bleicher

The recent data on the enhancement of the low mass dilepton yield in heavy ion collisions are interpreted as an effect of the "prolonged life" of resonances in the hadron gas phase. The value of the enhancement factor gives an upper limit…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-12-13 K. Fialkowski

We calculate open heavy-flavor (HF) transport in relativistic heavy-ion collisions by applying a strong-coupling treatment in both macro- and microscopic dynamics (hydrodynamics and non-perturbative diffusion interactions). The hydrodynamic…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2012-08-02 Min He , Rainer J. Fries , Ralf Rapp

We study the dilepton production in heavy-ion collisions at energies of 1-2 AGeV as well as in proton induced pp, pn, pd and p+A reactions from 1 GeV up to 3.5 GeV. For the analysis we employ three different transport models - the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2013-08-29 E. L. Bratkovskaya , J. Aichelin , M. Thomere , S. Vogel , M. Bleicher

Electromagnetic emission rates from a thermalized hadronic gas are important for the interpretation of dilepton signals from heavy-ion collisions. Although there is a consensus in the literature about rates for a pure meson gas, qualitative…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-08-25 James V. Steele , Ismail Zahed

A set of different equations of state is implemented in the molecular dynamics part of a non-equilibrium transport simulation (UrQMD) of heavy-ion collisions. It is shown how different flow observables are affected by the density dependence…

We derive the non-equilibrium single-particle momentum distribution function of a hadron resonance gas. We then study the effects that this newly derived expression can have in the freeze-out description of fluid-dynamical models of heavy…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-12 G. S. Denicol , H. Niemi

The thermal model is commonly used in two different ways for the description of hadron production in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collision. One is the application of the thermal model to 4pi integrated data and the other is the thermal…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 J. Sollfrank

I present an overview of photon and dilepton production in heavy-ion collisions, highlighting recent progress and ongoing challenges, with focus on hard initial scatterings, pre-equilibrium electromagnetic emission, as well as thermal and…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-07-20 Jean-François Paquet

The dynamics of partons and hadrons in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions is analyzed within the novel Parton-Hadron-String Dynamics (PHSD) transport approach, which is based on a dynamical quasiparticle model for the partonic phase…

Heavy-ion collisions at varying collision energies provide access to different regions of the QCD phase diagram. In particular collisions at intermediate energies are promising candidates to experimentally identify the postulated first…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-01-24 Anna Schäfer , Iurii Karpenko , Xiang-Yu Wu , Jan Hammelmann , Hannah Elfner

In high multiplicity nucleus-nucleus collisions baryon-antibaryon annihilation and regeneration occur during the final hadronic expansion phase, thus distorting the initial equilibrium multiplicity ratios. We quantify the modifications…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-02-20 Reinhard Stock , Francesco Becattini , Marcus Bleicher , Jan Steinheimer

Using the Bayesian calibrated iEBE-MUSIC framework, we compute the production of electromagnetic radiation from hot hadronic matter at finite baryon density. Results for thermal photon and thermal dilepton yields are obtained by folding…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-09-04 Xiang-Yu Wu , Charles Gale , Sangyong Jeon , Jean-François Paquet , Björn Schenke , Chun Shen

An introduction to physics of in-medium hadrons with special emphasis towards modification of vector meson properties in dense nuclear matter is given. We start from remarkable analogy between the in-medium behavior of atoms in gases and…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-08-23 M. I. Krivoruchenko

We have analysed the invariant mass distribution of dileptons in S+W collisions at 200A GeV as measured by the HELIOS-3 collaboration at CERN SPS. Three scenarios were considered where the collision lead to formation of (i) the quark-gluon…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 A. K. Chaudhuri

This work presents calculations of thermal dilepton emission and polarization observables. It features a comprehensive framework which comprises virtual photon spectral functions complete at next-to-leading-order in the strong coupling and…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2026-05-29 Han Gao , Xiang-Yu Wu , Charles Gale , Greg Jackson , Sangyong Jeon

One surprising result in relativistic heavy-ion collisions is that the abundance of various particles measured in experiments is consistent with the picture that they reach chemical equilibrium at a temperature much higher than the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-07-06 Jun Xu , Che Ming Ko

Nuclear stopping in the heavy ion collisions over a beam energy range from SIS, AGS up to SPS is studied in the framework of the modified UrQMD transport model, in which mean field potentials of both formed and "pre-formed" hadrons (from…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2010-04-14 Ying Yuan , Qingfeng Li , Zhuxia Li , Fu-Hu Liu

The collective behavior of hadrons and of electromagnetic radiation in heavy-ion collisions has been widely used to study the properties of the the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). Indeed this collectivity, as measured by anisotropic flow…

The dilepton transverse momentum spectra and invariant mass spectra for low $p_T <0.15$~GeV/c in Au+Au collisions of different centralities at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV are studied within the parton-hadron-string dynamics (PHSD) transport…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-10-24 Taesoo Song , Wolfgang Cassing , Pierre Moreau , Elena Bratkovskaya