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We study conditions under which $P(S_\tau>x)\sim P(M_\tau>x)\sim E\tau P(\xi_1>x)$ as $x\to\infty$, where $S_\tau$ is a sum $\xi_1+...+\xi_\tau$ of random size $\tau$ and $M_\tau$ is a maximum of partial sums $M_\tau=\max_{n\le\tau}S_n$.…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-11-29 Denis Denisov , Sergey Foss , Dmitry Korshunov

Chebyshev's inequality provides an upper bound on the tail probability of a random variable based on its mean and variance. While tight, the inequality has been criticized for only being attained by pathological distributions that abuse the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-10-16 Ernst Roos , Ruud Brekelmans , Wouter van Eekelen , Dick den Hertog , Johan van Leeuwaarden

We show the equivalence of three properties for an infinitely divisible distribution: the subexponentiality of the density, the subexponentiality of the density of its L\'evy measure and the tail equivalence between the density and its…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-02-16 Muneya Matsui

In this paper non-asymptotic exponential estimates are derived for the tail distribution of polynomial martingale differences in terms unconditional tails distributions of summands. Applications are considered in the theory of polynomials…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Eugene Ostrovsky

It is a classical result in complex analysis that the class of functions that arise as the Cauchy transform of probability measures may be characterized entirely in terms of their analytic and asymptotic properties. Such transforms are a…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2014-05-28 John D. Williams

A random variable $\xi$ has a {\it light-tailed} distribution (for short: is light-tailed) if it possesses a finite exponential moment, $\E \exp (\lambda \xi) <\infty$ for some $\lambda >0$, and has a {\it heavy-tailed} distribution (is…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-09 Sergey Foss , Anton Tarasenko , Georgiy Krivtsov

Random matrices acting on structured sets play a fundamental role in high-dimensional geometry, compressed sensing, and randomized algorithms. Existing results primarily focus on subgaussian models, when random matrices act as…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-11 Tiankun Diao , Xuanang Hu , Vladimir V. Ulyanov , Hanchao Wang

We consider a new approach in the definition of two-dimensional heavy-tailed distributions. Namely, we introduce the classes of two-dimensional long-tailed, of twodimensional dominatedly varying and of two-dimensional consistently varying…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-25 Dimitrios G. Konstantinides , Charalampos D. Passalidis

There is an increasing interest to understand the dependence structure of a random vector not only in the center of its distribution but also in the tails. Extreme-value theory tackles the problem of modelling the joint tail of a…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-11-04 Anna Kiriliouk , Johan Segers , Michal Warchol

In 2017-2020 Jordanova and co-authors investigate probabilities for p-outside values and determine them in many particular cases. They show that these probabilities are closely related to the concept for heavy tails. Tukey's boxplots are…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-22 Pavlina K. Jordanova

We extend the class of tempered stable distributions first introduced in Rosinski 2007. Our new class allows for more structure and more variety of tail behaviors. We discuss various subclasses and the relation between them. To characterize…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-06-11 Michael Grabchak

A random variable $\xi$ has a {\it light-tailed} distribution (for short: is light-tailed) if it possesses a finite exponential moment, $\E \exp (\lambda \xi) <\infty$ for some $\lambda >0$, and has a {\it heavy-tailed} distribution (is…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-09 Sergey Foss , Michael Scheutzow , Anton Tarasenko

The quantitative analysis of financial time series often reveals two distinct features that standard Gaussian frameworks fail to capture: heavy-tailed marginal distributions and the phenomenon of extreme co-movements.While extreme value…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-14 Debanjana Datta , Diganta Mukherjee

We present a simplified explanation of why free fractional convolution corresponds to the differentiation of polynomials, by finding how the finite free cumulants of a polynomial behave under differentiation. This approach allows us to…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2025-02-06 Octavio Arizmendi , Katsunori Fujie , Daniel Perales , Yuki Ueda

The (general) hypoexponential distribution is the distribution of a sum of independent exponential random variables. We consider the particular case when the involved exponential variables have distinct rate parameters. We prove that the…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-12-16 George P. Yanev

The tail process $\boldsymbol{Y}=(Y_{\boldsymbol{i}})_{\boldsymbol{i}\in\mathbb{Z}^d}$ of a stationary regularly varying random field $\boldsymbol{X}=(X_{\boldsymbol{i}})_{\boldsymbol{i}\in\mathbb{Z}^d}$ represents the asymptotic local…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-03-15 Hrvoje Planinić

We propose a variational tail bound for norms of random vectors under moment assumptions on their one-dimensional marginals. A simplified version of the bound that parametrizes the ``aggregating distribution'' using a certain pushforward of…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-02 Sohail Bahmani

We obtain a number of new general properties, related to the closedness of the class of long-tailed distributions under convolutions, that are of interest themselves and may be applied in many models that deal with "plus" and/or "max"…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-11-24 Hui Xu , Sergey Foss , Yuebao Wang

There are many ways of measuring and modeling tail-dependence in random vectors: from the general framework of multivariate regular variation and the flexible class of max-stable vectors down to simple and concise summary measures like the…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-12-05 Anja Janßen , Sebastian Neblung , Stilian Stoev

The approach used by Kalashnikov and Tsitsiashvili for constructing upper bounds for the tail distribution of a geometric sum with subexponential summands is reconsidered. By expressing the problem in a more probabilistic light, several…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-03-18 Andrew Richards