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The gravitational wave strain emitted by a perturbed black hole (BH) ringing down is typically modeled analytically using first-order BH perturbation theory. In this Letter we show that second-order effects are necessary for modeling…

Gravitational waves emitted by distorted black holes, such as those arising from the coalescence of binary black holes, or a falling compact star into a supermassive black hole, carry not only information about the corresponding spacetime…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-02-10 Chao Zhang , Tao Zhu , Anzhong Wang

In the presence of non-minimal gravitational couplings, matter field perturbations on a static black hole spacetime may develop unphysical poles in their linearized equations. Physical solutions confined in the domain between the event…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-19 Hsu-Wen Chiang , Sebastian Garcia-Saenz , Aofei Sang

The ringdown phase of a black hole formed from the merger of two orbiting black holes is described by means of the close-limit (CL) approximation starting from second-post-Newtonian (2PN) initial conditions. The 2PN metric of point-particle…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-01-29 Alexandre Le Tiec , Luc Blanchet

We study the gravitational perturbations of black holes in quadratic gravity, in which the Einstein-Hilbert term is supplemented by quadratic terms in the curvature tensor. In this class of theories, the Schwarzschild solution can coexist…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-05 Georgios Antoniou , Leonardo Gualtieri , Paolo Pani

General Relativity predicts the existence of quadratic quasi-normal modes at second order in perturbation theory. Building on our recent work, we compute the amplitudes and polarizations of these modes for non-rotating black holes, showing…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-12-16 Bruno Bucciotti , Leonardo Juliano , Adrien Kuntz , Enrico Trincherini

We numerically investigate the imprints of gravitational radiation-reaction driven changes to a black hole's mass and spin on the corresponding ringdown waveform. We do so by comparing the dynamics of a perturbed black hole evolved with the…

We study quasinormal modes related to gravitational and electromagnetic perturbations of spherically symmetric charged black holes in nonlinear electrodynamics. Beyond the linear Maxwell electrodynamics, we consider a class of Lagrangian…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-02-07 Kimihiro Nomura , Daisuke Yoshida

Quadratic quasi-normal modes, generated at second order in black hole perturbation theory, are a promising target for testing gravity in the nonlinear regime with next-generation gravitational wave detectors. While their frequencies have…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-16 Bruno Bucciotti , Leonardo Juliano , Adrien Kuntz , Enrico Trincherini

Time-dependent spherically-symmetric perturbations of Schwarzschild black holes are studied within torsion bigravity, i.e., within generalized Einstein-Cartan theories where the dynamical torsion carries massive spin-2 excitation. We reduce…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-07-21 Vasilisa Nikiforova

We study the gravitational radiation emitted by a massive point particle plunging from slightly below the innermost stable circular orbit into a Schwarzschild black hole. We consider both even- and odd-parity perturbations and describe them…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-10-08 Antoine Folacci , Mohamed Ould El Hadj

We study the quasi-periodic oscillations from the accretion disk around the distorted Schwarzschild black hole in the framework of the resonant models. We confine ourselves to the case of a quadrupole distortion which can be caused for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-16 Efthimia Deligianni , Jutta Kunz , Petya Nedkova

Gravitational-wave observations of black hole ringdowns are commonly used to characterize binary merger remnants and to test general relativity. These analyses assume linear black hole perturbation theory, in particular that the ringdown…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-08-31 Laura Sberna , Pablo Bosch , William E. East , Stephen R. Green , Luis Lehner

The perturbation theory of black holes has been useful recently for providing estimates of gravitational radiation from black hole collisions. Second order perturbation theory, relatively undeveloped until recently, has proved to be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Reinaldo Gleiser , Carlos Nicasio , Richard Price , Jorge Pullin

Black holes have their proper oscillations, which are called the quasi-normal modes. The proper oscillations of astrophysical black holes can be observed in the nearest future with the help of gravitational wave detectors. Quasi-normal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-05-26 Alexander Zhidenko

Amazingly, recent studies indicate that nonlinear effects are of great significance for modelling black hole ringdown. Transient electromagnetic events in the astrophysical environment are typically high energetic, potentially responsible…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-07 Zhen-Tao He , Jia Du , Jiageng Jiao , Caiying Shao , Junxi Shi , Yu Tian , Hongbao Zhang

We explore how perturbations of a Schwarzschild black hole can redistribute energy among scalar modes and seed turbulent like cascades. We make use of the van der Pol-Krylov-Bogoliubov averaging method and derive coupled mode equations that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-05 Alex Kehagias , Antonio Riotto

Linearized perturbations of a Schwarzschild black hole are described, for each angular momentum $\ell$, by the well-studied discrete quasinormal modes (QNMs), and in addition a continuum. The latter is characterized by a cut strength…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 P. T. Leung , Alec Maassen_van_den_Brink , K. W. Mak , K. Young

We study scalar perturbations and quasinormal modes of a nonlinear magnetic charged black hole surrounded by quintessence. Time evolution of scalar perturbations is studied for different parameters associated with the black hole solution.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-03-05 Hrishikesh Chakrabarty , Ahmadjon A. Abdujabbarov , Cosimo Bambi

We compare the fully nonlinear and perturbative evolution of nonrotating black holes with odd-parity distortions utilizing the perturbative results to interpret the nonlinear results. This introduction of the second polarization…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 J Baker , S Brandt , M Campanelli , C O Lousto , E Seidel , R Takahashi