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Of the over 200 known extrasolar planets, 14 exhibit transits in front of their parent stars as seen from Earth. Spectroscopic observations of the transiting planets can probe the physical conditions of their atmospheres. One such technique…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-16 L. Jeremy Richardson , Drake Deming , Karen Horning , Sara Seager , Joseph Harrington

Cross-correlation is a well-tested method for exoplanet characterization. A new, potentially powerful application is the measurement of atmospheric isotope ratios. In particular D/H can give unique insights into a planet's formation and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-13 P. Mollière , I. A. G. Snellen

We obtained 238 spectra of the close orbiting extrasolar giant planet HD 189733b with resolution R ~ 15,000 during one night of observations with the near infrared spectrograph, NIRSPEC, at the Keck II Telescope. We have searched for…

Measuring the abundances of carbon and oxygen in exoplanet atmospheres is considered a crucial avenue for unlocking the formation and evolution of exoplanetary systems. Access to an exoplanet's chemical inventory requires high-precision…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-15 Lili Alderson , Hannah R. Wakeford , Munazza K. Alam , Natasha E. Batalha , Joshua D. Lothringer , Jea Adams Redai , Saugata Barat , Jonathan Brande , Mario Damiano , Tansu Daylan , Néstor Espinoza , Laura Flagg , Jayesh M. Goyal , David Grant , Renyu Hu , Julie Inglis , Elspeth K. H. Lee , Thomas Mikal-Evans , Lakeisha Ramos-Rosado , Pierre-Alexis Roy , Nicole L. Wallack , Natalie M. Batalha , Jacob L. Bean , Björn Benneke , Zachory K. Berta-Thompson , Aarynn L. Carter , Quentin Changeat , Knicole D. Colón , Ian J. M. Crossfield , Jean-Michel Désert , Daniel Foreman-Mackey , Neale P. Gibson , Laura Kreidberg , Michael R. Line , Mercedes López-Morales , Karan Molaverdikhani , Sarah E. Moran , Giuseppe Morello , Julianne I. Moses , Sagnick Mukherjee , Everett Schlawin , David K. Sing , Kevin B. Stevenson , Jake Taylor , Keshav Aggarwal , Eva-Maria Ahrer , Natalie H. Allen , Joanna K. Barstow , Taylor J. Bell , Jasmina Blecic , Sarah L. Casewell , Katy L. Chubb , Nicolas Crouzet , Patricio E. Cubillos , Leen Decin , Adina D. Feinstein , Joanthan J. Fortney , Joseph Harrington , Kevin Heng , Nicolas Iro , Eliza M. -R. Kempton , James Kirk , Heather A. Knutson , Jessica Krick , Jérémy Leconte , Monika Lendl , Ryan J. MacDonald , Luigi Mancini , Megan Mansfield , Erin M. May , Nathan J. Mayne , Yamila Miguel , Nikolay K. Nikolov , Kazumasa Ohno , Enric Palle , Vivien Parmentier , Dominique J. M. Petit dit de la Roche , Caroline Piaulet , Diana Powell , Benjamin V. Rackham , Seth Redfield , Laura K. Rogers , Zafar Rustamkulov , Xianyu Tan , P. Tremblin , Shang-Min Tsai , Jake D. Turner , Miguel de Val-Borro , Olivia Venot , Luis Welbanks , Peter J. Wheatley , Xi Zhang

The detection of reflected light from an exoplanet is a difficult technical challenge at optical wavelengths. Even though this signal is expected to replicate the stellar signal, not only is it several orders of magnitude fainter, but it is…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-04-24 J. H. C. Martins , N. C. Santos , P. Figueira , J. P. Faria , M. Montalto , I. Boisse , D. Ehrenreich , C. Lovis , M. Mayor , C. Melo , F. Pepe , S. G. Sousa , S. Udry , D. Cunha

We present a new method for performing atmospheric retrieval on ground-based, high-resolution data of exoplanets. Our method combines cross-correlation functions with a random forest, a supervised machine learning technique, to overcome…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-15 Chloe Fisher , H. Jens Hoeijmakers , Daniel Kitzmann , Pablo Márquez-Neila , Simon L. Grimm , Raphael Sznitman , Kevin Heng

The research of effective and reliable detrending methods for Spitzer data is of paramount importance for the characterization of exoplanetary atmospheres. To date, the totality of exoplanetary observations in the mid- and far-infrared, at…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-06 Giuseppe Morello , Ingo P. Waldmann , Giovanna Tinetti

Out of the known transiting extrasolar planets, the majority are gas giants orbiting their host star at close proximity. Both theoretical and observational studies support the hypothesis that such bodies emit significant amounts of flux…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-04-07 David M. Kipping , Giovanna Tinetti

Theoretical studies have suggested using planetary infrared excess (PIE) to detect and characterize the thermal emission of transiting and non-transiting exoplanets, however the PIE technique requires empirical validation. Here we apply the…

Detailed characterization of exoplanets has begun to yield measurements of their atmospheric properties that constrain the planets' origins and evolution. For example, past observations of the dayside emission spectrum of the hot Jupiter…

We report first multicolor polarimetric measurements (UBV bands) for the hot Jupiters HD189733b and confirm our previously reported detection of polarization in the B band (Berdyugina et al. 2008). The wavelength dependence of polarization…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 S. V. Berdyugina , A. V. Berdyugin , D. M. Fluri , V. Piirola

We present recent observations from the HST-Cosmic Origins Spectrograph aimed at characterizing the auroral emission from the extrasolar planet HD209458b. We obtained medium-resolution (R~18-20,000) far-ultraviolet (1150-1700A) spectra at…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Kevin France , John T. Stocke , Hao Yang , Jeffrey L. Linsky , Brian C. Wolven , Cynthia S. Froning , James C. Green , Steven N. Osterman

High-resolution spectroscopy provides unique constraints on exoplanet atmospheric composition and dynamics. The past decade of ground-based campaigns has accumulated extensive public archives, yet many observations remain unanalysed. We…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-19 A. Masson , S. Vinatier , B. Bézard , F. Debras , A. Carmona , J. Lillo-Box , N. B. Cowan , V. Yariv , R. Allart

Molecular species in planetary atmospheres provide key insights into their atmospheric processes and formation conditions. In recent years, high-resolution Doppler spectroscopy in the near-infrared has allowed detections of H$_2$O and CO in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-22 George A. Hawker , Nikku Madhusudhan , Samuel H. C. Cabot , Siddharth Gandhi

By varying the profiles of stellar extreme ultraviolet (EUV) spectral energy distribution (SED), we tested the influences of stellar EUV SEDs on the physical and chemical properties of the escaping atmosphere. We apply our model to study…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-17 J. H. Guo , Lotfi Ben-Jaffel

Recent mid-infrared observations with JWST/MIRI have resulted in the first direct detections of absorption features from silicate clouds in the transmission spectra of two transiting exoplanets, WASP-17 b and WASP-107 b. In this paper, we…

The characterization of planetary atmospheres is a daunting task, pushing current observing facilities to their limits. The next generation of high-resolution spectrographs mounted on large telescopes -- such as ESPRESSO@VLT and HIRES@ELT…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-06 J. H. C. Martins , P. Figueira , N. C. Santos , C. Melo , A. Garcia Muñoz , J. Faria , F. Pepe , C. Lovis

We have carried out a search for the 2.14 micron spectroscopic signature of the close orbiting extrasolar giant planet, HD 179949b. High cadence time series spectra were obtained with the CRIRES spectrograph at VLT1 on two closely separated…

Secondary eclipse spectroscopy provides invaluable insights into the temperatures and compositions of exoplanetary atmospheres. We carry out a systematic temperature and abundance retrieval analysis of nine exoplanets (HD189733b, HD209458b,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Michael R Line , Heather Knutson , Aaron Wolf , Yuk Yung

We present observations of two occultations of the extrasolar planet WASP-33b using the Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) on the HST, which allow us to constrain the temperature structure and composition of its dayside atmosphere. WASP-33b is the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-08 Korey Haynes , Avi M. Mandell , Nikku Madhusudhan , Drake Deming , Heather Knutson