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Symmetry is an important problem in many combinatorial problems. One way of dealing with symmetry is to add constraints that eliminate symmetric solutions. We survey recent results in this area, focusing especially on two common and useful…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-04-18 Toby Walsh

We argue that parameterized complexity is a useful tool with which to study global constraints. In particular, we show that many global constraints which are intractable to propagate completely have natural parameters which make them…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2009-03-04 Christian Bessiere , Emmanuel Hebrard , Brahim Hnich , Zeynep Kiziltan , Toby Walsh

Symmetry is an important factor in solving many constraint satisfaction problems. One common type of symmetry is when we have symmetric values. In a recent series of papers, we have studied methods to break value symmetries. Our results…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2009-03-04 Toby Walsh

Symmetry is an important feature of many constraint programs. We show that any problem symmetry acting on a set of symmetry breaking constraints can be used to break symmetry. Different symmetries pick out different solutions in each…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-05-31 George Katsirelos , Toby Walsh

Symmetry is an important feature of many constraint programs. We show that any symmetry acting on a set of symmetry breaking constraints can be used to break symmetry. Different symmetries pick out different solutions in each symmetry…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2009-09-18 George Katsirelos , Toby Walsh

The concept of complexity appears in virtually all areas of knowledge. Its intuitive meaning shares similarities across fields, but disagreements between its details hinders a general definition, leading to a plethora of proposed…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-10-04 Roberto C. Alamino

Symmetry is one of the most general and useful concepts in physics. A theory or a system that has a symmetry is fundamentally constrained by it. The same constraints do not apply when the symmetry is broken. The quantitative determination…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-23 Ivan Fernandez-Corbaton

In many physical systems, inputs related by intrinsic system symmetries are mapped to the same output. When inverting such systems, i.e., solving the associated inverse problems, there is no unique solution. This causes fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-23 Kshitij Tayal , Chieh-Hsin Lai , Vipin Kumar , Ju Sun

Symmetry breaking for graphs and other combinatorial objects is notoriously hard. On the one hand, complete symmetry breaks are exponential in size. On the other hand, current, state-of-the-art, partial symmetry breaks are often considered…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Michael Codish , Mikoláš Janota

The concepts of symmetry and its breakdown are investigated in two different terms according to whether the resulting asymmetry is universal or only obtained for a special configuration: we shall illustrate this by considering in the first…

General Physics · Physics 2022-03-23 Luca Fabbri

In their nature configuration problems are combinatorial (optimization) problems. In order to find a configuration a solver has to instantiate a number of components of a some type and each of these components can be used in a relation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-12-13 Anna Ryabokon

We study fundamental clustering problems for incomplete data. Specifically, given a set of incomplete d-dimensional vectors (representing rows of a matrix), the goal is to complete the missing vector entries in a way that admits a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-04-08 Eduard Eiben , Robert Ganian , Iyad Kanj , Sebastian Ordyniak , Stefan Szeider

Asking which sets are fixed-parameter tractable for a given parameterization constitutes much of the current research in parameterized complexity theory. This approach faces some of the core difficulties in complexity theory. By focussing…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-01-17 Jouke Witteveen , Leen Torenvliet

A geometric mechanism that may, in analogy to similar notions in physics, be considered as "symmetry breaking" in geometry is described, and several instances of this mechanism in differential geometry are discussed: it is shown how…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2022-06-28 Andreas Fuchs , Udo Hertrich-Jeromin , Mason Pember

This paper talk about the complexity of computation by Turing Machine. I take attention to the relation of symmetry and order structure of the data, and I think about the limitation of computation time. First, I make general problem named…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-09-24 Koji Kobayashi

Spontaneous symmetry breaking is an essential feature of modern science. We demonstrate that it also plays an important role in the physics of complex plasmas. Complex plasmas can serve as a powerful tool for observing and studying discrete…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2010-04-22 Sergey K. Zhdanov , Markus H. Thoma , Gregor E. Morfill

This work introduces a complexity measure which addresses some conflicting issues between existing ones by using a new principle - measuring the average amount of symmetry broken by an object. It attributes low (although different)…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-03-26 Roberto C. Alamino

In resolving instances of a computational problem, if multiple instances of interest share a feature in common, it may be fruitful to compile this feature into a format that allows for more efficient resolution, even if the compilation is…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-03-03 Hubie Chen

One common type of symmetry is when values are symmetric. For example, if we are assigning colours (values) to nodes (variables) in a graph colouring problem then we can uniformly interchange the colours throughout a colouring. For a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2009-03-09 Toby Walsh

The issue of symmetry and symmetry breaking is fundamental in all areas of science. Symmetry is often assimilated to order and beauty while symmetry breaking is the source of many interesting phenomena such as phase transitions,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-12-01 Jean Dolbeault , Maria J. Esteban , Michael Loss , Maria Esteban
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