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It is common when using cross-section or panel data to assign each observation to a cluster and allow for arbitrary patterns of heteroskedasticity and correlation within clusters. For regression models, there are many ways to make…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-04-03 James G. MacKinnon

Experiments often yield non-identically distributed data for statistical analysis. Tests of hypothesis under such set-ups are generally performed using the likelihood ratio test, which is non-robust with respect to outliers and model…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-07-25 Abhik Ghosh , Ayanendranath Basu

Feature attribution analysis is critical for interpreting machine learning models and supporting reliable data-driven decisions. However, feature attribution measures often exhibit stochastic variation: different train--test splits, random…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-15 Lanxin Xiang , Liang Shi , Youhui Ye , Boyu Jiang , Dawei Zhou , Feng Guo

Real-time and open online course resources of MOOCs have attracted a large number of learners in recent years. However, many new questions were emerging about the high dropout rate of learners. For MOOCs platform, predicting the learning…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Zhemin Liu , Feng Xiong , Kaifa Zou , Hongzhi Wang

Background: Clinical prediction models are increasingly used to inform healthcare decisions, but determining the minimum sample size for their development remains a critical and unresolved challenge. Inadequate sample sizes can lead to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Diana Shamsutdinova , Felix Zimmer , Oyebayo Ridwan Olaniran , Sarah Markham , Daniel Stahl , Gordon Forbes , Ewan Carr

Causal discovery is fundamental to scientific understanding and reliable decision-making. Existing approaches face critical limitations: purely data-driven methods suffer from statistical indistinguishability and modeling assumptions, while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Bo Peng , Sirui Chen , Lei Xu , Chaochao Lu

This paper introduces a local optimization-based approach to test statistical hypotheses and to construct confidence intervals. This approach can be viewed as an extension of bootstrap, and yields asymptotically valid tests and confidence…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-04-21 Shifeng Xiong

Bootstrap is a widely used technique that allows estimating the properties of a given estimator, such as its bias and standard error. In this paper, we evaluate and compare five bootstrap-based methods for making confidence intervals: two…

In risk management it is desirable to grasp the essential statistical features of a time series representing a risk factor. This tutorial aims to introduce a number of different stochastic processes that can help in grasping the essential…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2008-12-23 Damiano Brigo , Antonio Dalessandro , Matthias Neugebauer , Fares Triki

In non-linear estimations, it is common to assess sampling uncertainty by bootstrap inference. For complex models, this can be computationally intensive. This paper combines optimization with resampling: turning stochastic optimization into…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-05-09 Jean-Jacques Forneron

The need for accurate SQL progress estimation in the context of decision support administration has led to a number of techniques proposed for this task. Unfortunately, no single one of these progress estimators behaves robustly across the…

Databases · Computer Science 2012-01-04 Arnd Christian König , Bolin Ding , Surajit Chaudhuri , Vivek Narasayya

This article introduces the R package csranks for estimation and inference involving ranks. First, we review methods for the construction of confidence sets for ranks, namely marginal and simultaneous confidence sets as well as confidence…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-01-30 Denis Chetverikov , Magne Mogstad , Pawel Morgen , Joseph Romano , Azeem Shaikh , Daniel Wilhelm

Our goal is to build robust optimization problems for making decisions based on complex data from the past. In robust optimization (RO) generally, the goal is to create a policy for decision-making that is robust to our uncertainty about…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-07-07 Theja Tulabandhula , Cynthia Rudin

Logistic regression models are a popular and effective method to predict the probability of categorical response data. However inference for these models can become computationally prohibitive for large datasets. Here we adapt ideas from…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-08-25 Tom Whitaker , Boris Beranger , Scott A. Sisson

The R package robusTest offers corrected versions of several common tests in bivariate statistics. We point out the limitations of these tests in their classical versions, some of which are well known such as robustness or calibration…

Probabilistic programming methods have revolutionised Bayesian inference, making it easier than ever for practitioners to perform Markov-chain-Monte-Carlo sampling from non-conjugate posterior distributions. Here we focus on Stan, arguably…

Computation · Statistics 2025-02-10 Clemens Pichler , Jack Jewson , Alejandra Avalos-Pacheco

In high-level synthesis (HLS), C/C++ programs with synthesis directives are used to generate circuits for FPGA implementations. However, hardware-specific and platform-dependent characteristics in these implementations can introduce…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Kangwei Xu , Bing Li , Grace Li Zhang , Ulf Schlichtmann

HPC-based applications often have complex workflows with many software dependencies that hinder their portability on contemporary HPC architectures. In addition, these applications often require extraordinary efforts to deploy and execute…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Sameh Abdulah , Jorge Ejarque , Omar Marzouk , Hatem Ltaief , Ying Sun , Marc G. Genton , Rosa M. Badia , David E. Keyes

FormalSpecCpp is a dataset designed to fill the gap in standardized benchmarks for verifying formal specifications in C++ programs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive collection of C++ programs with well-defined…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Madhurima Chakraborty , Peter Pirkelbauer , Qing Yi

The authors propose a robust semi-parametric empirical likelihood method to integrate all available information from multiple samples with a common center of measurements. Two different sets of estimating equations are used to improve the…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-10-03 Hsiao-Hsuan Wang , Yuehua Wu , Yuejiao Fu , Xiaogang Wang