Related papers: The region with trapped surfaces in spherical symm…
Given a spacelike foliation of a spacetime and a marginally outer trapped surface S on some initial leaf, we prove that under a suitable stability condition S is contained in a ``horizon'', i.e. a smooth 3-surface foliated by marginally…
The requirement that a trapped spacetime domain forms in finite time for distant observers is logically possible and sometimes unavoidable, but its consequences are not yet fully understood. In spherical symmetry, the characterization of…
Recently, the gravitational collapse of an infinite cylindrical thin shell of matter in an otherwise empty spacetime with two hypersurface orthogonal Killing vectors was studied by Gon\c{c}alves [Phys. Rev. {\bf D65}, 084045 (2002).]. By…
In a recent paper (gr-qc/0509107) the author and Rick Schoen obtained a generalization to higher dimensions of a classical result of Hawking concerning the topology of black holes. It was proved that, apart from certain exceptional…
We first show that the intrinsic, geometrical structure of a dynamical horizon is unique. A number of physically interesting constraints are then established on the location of trapped and marginally trapped surfaces in the vicinity of any…
We formulate an analogue transverse first law for general closed marginally trapped surfaces in arbitrary spacetimes. The construction is intrinsically quasi-local and is attached directly to an individual marginally trapped surface, rather…
Black holes in general relativity are characterized by their trapping horizon, a one-way membrane that can be crossed only inwards. The existence of trapping horizons in astrophysical black holes can be tested observationally using a…
We construct an example of a spherically symmetric black hole interior in which there is NO (spherically symmetric) marginally trapped tube asymptotic to the event horizon. The construction uses a self-gravitating massive scalar field…
This article gives necessary and sufficient conditions for the formation of trapped surfaces in spherically symmetric initial data defined on a closed manifold. Such trapped surfaces surround a region in which there occurs an enhancement of…
We study properties of stable, strictly stable and locally outermost marginally outer trapped surfaces in spacelike hypersurfaces of spacetimes possessing certain symmetries such as isometries, homotheties and conformal Killings. We first…
Recently a simple proof of the generalizations of Hawking's black hole topology theorem and its application to topological black holes for higher dimensional ($n\geq 4$) spacetimes was given \cite{rnew}. By applying the associated new line…
The existence of closed trapped surfaces need not imply a cosmological singularity when the spatial hypersurfaces are compact. This is illustrated by a variety of examples, in particular de Sitter spacetime admits many closed trapped…
In this paper, we examine gravitational collapse of matter fields in $n$-dimensional general relativity. The matter energy-momentum tensor under consideration includes dust, perfect fluids with equations of state and matter admitting bulk…
We consider a spherically symmetric line element which admits either a black hole geometry or a wormhole geometry and show that in both cases the apparent horizon or the wormhole throat is partially characterized by the zero-set of a single…
We consider the sets of future/past trapped null geodesics in the exterior region of a sub-extremal Kerr-Newman-Taub-NUT spacetime. We show that, from the point of view of any timelike observer outside of such a black hole, trapping can be…
We introduce the concept of $k-$future convex spacelike/null hypersurface $\Sigma$ in an $n+1$ dimensional spacetime $M$ and prove that no $k-$dimensional closed trapped submanifold (k-CTM) can be tangent to $\Sigma$ from its future side.…
Marginally outer trapped surfaces are widely considered as the best quasi-local replacements for event horizons of black holes in General Relativity. However, this equivalence is far from being proved, even in stationary and static…
This paper considers some fundamental questions concerning marginally trapped surfaces, or apparent horizons, in Cauchy data sets for the Einstein equation. An area estimate for outermost marginally trapped surfaces is proved. The proof…
In this paper we show the existence of a large class of spherically symmetric data $d$ (on a spacelike hypersurface $S$), from which a perfect fluid spacetime (surrounded by vacuum) develops. This spacetime contains an event horizon (with…
The geometry of a two-dimensional surface in a curved space can be most easily visualized by using an isometric embedding in flat three-dimensional space. Here we present a new method for embedding surfaces with spherical topology in flat…