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Consider a deterministic self-adjoint matrix X_n with spectral measure converging to a compactly supported probability measure, the largest and smallest eigenvalues converging to the edges of the limiting measure. We perturb this matrix by…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-09-05 Florent Benaych-Georges , Alice Guionnet , Mylène Maïda

We consider the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of small rank perturbations of random $N\times N$ matrices. We allow the rank of perturbation $M$ increases with $N$, and the only assumption is $M=o(N)$. In both additive and multiplicative…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-05-18 Jiaoyang Huang

Consider the matrix $\Sigma_n = n^{-1/2} X_n D_n^{1/2} + P_n$ where the matrix $X_n \in \C^{N\times n}$ has Gaussian standard independent elements, $D_n$ is a deterministic diagonal nonnegative matrix, and $P_n$ is a deterministic matrix…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-01-23 Francois Chapon , Romain Couillet , Walid Hachem , Xavier Mestre

We present a large deviation principle at speed N for the largest eigenvalue of some additively deformed Wigner matrices. In particular this includes Gaussian ensembles with full-rank general deformation. For the non-Gaussian ensembles, the…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-03-22 Benjamin McKenna

We prove large deviations principles for spectral measures of perturbed (or spiked) matrix models in the direction of an eigenvector of the perturbation. In each model under study, we provide two approaches, one of which relying on large…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-09-24 Nathan Noiry , Alain Rouault

We consider the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of finite, low rank perturbations of random matrices. Specifically, we prove almost sure convergence of the extreme eigenvalues and appropriate projections of the corresponding eigenvectors of…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-03-19 Florent Benaych-Georges , Raj Rao Nadakuditi

We revisit the problem of perturbing a large, i.i.d. random matrix by a finite rank error. It is known that when elements of the i.i.d. matrix have finite fourth moment, then the outlier eigenvalues of the perturbed matrix are close to the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-02 Yi Han

In this paper, we consider the addition of two matrices in generic position, namely A + U BU * , where U is drawn under the Haar measure on the unitary or the orthogonal group. We show that, under mild conditions on the empirical spectral…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-11-27 Alice Guionnet , Mylène Maïda

We establish a large deviation principle for the largest eigenvalue of a rank one deformation of a matrix from the GUE or GOE. As a corollary, we get another proof of the phenomenon, well-known in learning theory and finance, that the…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-08-06 Mylène Maïda

We establish a large deviation principle for the smallest eigenvalue of a random matrix model composed of the sum of a GOE matrix and a diagonal matrix with an outlier. Our result generalizes and unifies previously studied cases.

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Jeanne Boursier , Alice Guionnet

Consider a $n\times n$ sparse non-Hermitian random matrix $X_n$ defined as the Hadamard product between a random matrix with centered independent and identically distributed entries and a sparse Bernoulli matrix with success probability…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-25 Walid Hachem , Michail Louvaris , Jamal Najim

We establish large deviation principles for the largest eigenvalue of large random matrices with variance profiles. For $N \in \mathbb N$, we consider random $N \times N$ symmetric matrices $H^N$ which are such that…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-03-25 Raphaël Ducatez , Alice Guionnet , Jonathan Husson

In this paper, we consider the singular values and singular vectors of finite, low rank perturbations of large rectangular random matrices. Specifically, we prove almost sure convergence of the extreme singular values and appropriate…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-01-27 Florent Benaych-Georges , Raj Rao Nadakuditi

In this work we consider general non-Hermitian square random matrices $X$ that include a wide class of random band matrices with independent entries. Whereas the existence of limiting density is largely unknown for these inhomogeneous…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-22 Yi Han

Given two positive integers $n$ and $k$ and a parameter $t\in (0,1)$, we choose at random a vector subspace $V_{n}\subset \mathbb{C}^{k}\otimes\mathbb{C}^{n}$ of dimension $N\sim tnk$. We show that the set of $k$-tuples of singular values…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-05-19 S. Belinschi , B. Collins , I. Nechita

A large i.i.d. random matrix with deterministic low-rank perturbation has been extensively studied, particularly in the aspects of the ESD (Empirical Spectral Distribution) and the outliers of eigenvalues. In this work, we investigate the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Kun Chen , Zhihua Zhang

We present an analytical technique to compute the probability of rare events in which the largest eigenvalue of a random matrix is atypically large (i.e.\ the right tail of its large deviations). The results also transfer to the left tail…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-05-26 Antoine Maillard

It is known that if one perturbs a large iid random matrix by a bounded rank error, then the majority of the eigenvalues will remain distributed according to the circular law. However, the bounded rank perturbation may also create one or…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Terence Tao

We consider matrices formed by a random $N\times N$ matrix drawn from the Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble (or Gaussian Unitary Ensemble) plus a rank-one perturbation of strength $\theta$, and focus on the largest eigenvalue, $x$, and the…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-04-04 Giulio Biroli , Alice Guionnet

We study the distribution of the outliers in the spectrum of finite rank deformations of Wigner random matrices. We assume that the matrix entries have finite fourth moment and extend the results by Capitaine, Donati-Martin, and F\'eral for…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-10-24 David Renfrew , Alexander Soshnikov
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