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Related papers: Improved Loss-Tolerant Quantum Coin Flipping

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How can two parties with competing interests carry out a fair coin flip, using only a noiseless quantum channel? This problem (quantum weak coin-flipping) was formalized more than 15 years ago, and, despite some phenomenal theoretical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-14 Carl A. Miller

Lo and Chau showed that an ideal quantum coin flipping protocol is impossible. The proof was simply derived from the impossibility proof of quantum bit commitment. However, the proof still leaves the possibility of a quantum coin flipping…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yuki Tokunaga

In the literature, strong coin tossing protocols based on bit commitment have been proposed. Here we examine a protocol that instead tries to achieve the task by sharing entanglement securely. The protocol uses only qubits, and has bias…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Roger Colbeck

As in modern communication networks, the security of quantum networks will rely on complex cryptographic tasks that are based on a handful of fundamental primitives. Weak coin flipping (WCF) is a significant such primitive which allows two…

Performing complex cryptographic tasks will be an essential element in future quantum communication networks. These tasks are based on a handful of fundamental primitives, such as coin flipping, where two distrustful parties wish to agree…

We investigate coin-flipping protocols for multiple parties in a quantum broadcast setting: (1) We propose and motivate a definition for quantum broadcast. Our model of quantum broadcast channel is new. (2) We discovered that quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-17 Andris Ambainis , Harry Buhrman , Yevgeniy Dodis , Hein Roehrig

We show that a biased quantum coin flip (QCF) cannot provide the performance of a black-boxed biased coin flip, if it satisfies some fidelity conditions. Although such a QCF satisfies the security conditions of a biased coin flip, it does…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-20 Satoshi Ishizaka

In this paper, we prove classical coin-flipping secure in the presence of quantum adversaries. The proof uses a recent result of Watrous [Wat09] that allows quantum rewinding for protocols of a certain form. We then discuss two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-19 Ivan Damgaard , Carolin Lunemann

Mochon's proof [Moc07] of existence of quantum weak coin flipping with arbitrarily small bias is a fundamental result in quantum cryptography, but at the same time one of the least understood. Though used several times as a black box in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-03 Dorit Aharonov , André Chailloux , Maor Ganz , Iordanis Kerenidis , Loïck Magnin

Quantum coin flipping (QCF) is an essential primitive for quantum cryptography. Unconditionally secure strong QCF with an arbitrarily small bias was widely believed to be impossible. But basing on a problem which cannot be solved without…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-25 Guang Ping He

We show that the existence of a coin-flipping protocol safe against \emph{any} non-trivial constant bias (\eg $.499$) implies the existence of one-way functions. This improves upon a recent result of Haitner and Omri [FOCS '11], who proved…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-05 Itay Berman , Iftach Haitner , Aris Tentes

A coin is just a two sided dice. Recently, Mochon proved that quantum weak coin flipping with an arbitrarily small bias is possible. However, the use of quantum resources to allow N remote distrustful parties to roll an N-sided dice has yet…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-08-20 N. Aharon , J. Silman

"God does not play dice. He flips coins instead." And though for some reason He has denied us quantum bit commitment. And though for some reason he has even denied us strong coin flipping. He has, in His infinite mercy, granted us quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-11-28 Carlos Mochon

Coin-flipping is a cryptographic task in which two physically separated, mistrustful parties wish to generate a fair coin-flip by communicating with each other. Chailloux and Kerenidis (2009) designed quantum protocols that guarantee…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-03-22 Ashwin Nayak , Jamie Sikora , Levent Tunçel

Oblivious transfer is a fundamental primitive in cryptography. While perfect information theoretic security is impossible, quantum oblivious transfer protocols can limit the dishonest players' cheating. Finding the optimal security…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-24 André Chailloux , Iordanis Kerenidis , Jamie Sikora

We study the class of protocols for weak quantum coin flipping introduced by Spekkens and Rudolph (quant-ph/0202118). We show that, for any protocol in this class, one party can win the coin flip with probability at least $1/\sqrt{2}$.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andris Ambainis

Coin flipping is a cryptographic primitive for which strictly better protocols exist if the players are not only allowed to exchange classical, but also quantum messages. During the past few years, several results have appeared which give a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-04-27 Esther Hänggi , Jürg Wullschleger

We explore the feasibility of fault-tolerant quantum computation using the bit-flip repetition code in a biased noise channel where only the bit-flip error can occur. While several logic gates can potentially produce phase-flip errors even…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-26 Shoichiro Tsutsui , Keita Kanno

Weak coin flipping is an important cryptographic primitive$\unicode{x2013}$it is the strongest known secure two-party computation primitive that classically becomes secure only under certain assumptions (e.g. computational hardness), while…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 Atul Singh Arora , Jérémie Roland , Chrysoula Vlachou , Stephan Weis

In this article we deal with the security of the BB84 quantum cryptography protocol over noisy channels using generalized privacy amplification. For this we estimate the fraction of bits needed to be discarded during the privacy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 N. Lütkenhaus , Stephen M. Barnett