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Measurements of lateral diffusion of proteins in a membrane typically assume that the movement of the protein occurs in a flat plane. Real membranes, however, are subject to thermal fluctuations, leading to movement of an inclusion into the…
The axial dependence of femtosecond filamentation in air is measured under conditions of varying laser pulsewidth, energy, and focusing f-number. Filaments are characterized by the ultrafast z-dependent absorption of energy from the laser…
Molecular communication (MC) within the synaptic cleft is vital for neurotransmitter diffusion, a process critical to cognitive functions. In Alzheimer's Disease (AD), beta-amyloid oligomers (A$\beta$os) disrupt this communication, leading…
The present study focuses on the receptor driven endocytosis typical of viral entry into a cell. A locally increased density of receptors at the time of contact between the cell and the virus is necessary in this case. The virus is…
Recent advancements in diffusion models have notably improved the perceptual quality of generated images in text-to-image synthesis tasks. However, diffusion models often struggle to produce images that accurately reflect the intended…
Neurotransmitter receptor molecules, concentrated in postsynaptic domains along with scaffold and a number of other molecules, are key regulators of signal transmission across synapses. Employing experiment and theory, we develop a…
In this paper an analytical model is introduced to describe the impulse response of the diffusive channel between a pointwise transmitter and a given fully-absorbing (FA) receiver in a molecular communication (MC) system. The presence of…
Receptor-mediated endocytosis is an ubiquitous process through which cells internalize biological or synthetic nanoscale objects, including viruses, unicellular parasites, and nanomedical vectors for drug or gene delivery. In passive…
Here we report a random lasing based sensor which shows pH sensitivity exceeding by 2-orders of magnitude that of a conventional fluorescence sensor. We explain the sensing mechanism as related to gain modifications and lasing threshold…
This work studies optimal detection for communication over diffusion-based molecular timing (DBMT) channels. The transmitter simultaneously releases multiple information particles, where the information is encoded in the time of release.…
Protein aggregation on the plasma membrane (PM) is of critical importance to many cellular processes such as cell adhesion, endocytosis, fibrillar conformation, and vesicle transport. Lateral diffusion of protein aggregates or clusters on…
This work reports on two results. At first we revisit the Berg and Purcell calculation that provides a lower bound to the error in concentration measurement by cells, by considering the realistic case when the cell starts measuring the…
For a paradigmatic model of chemotaxis, we analyze the effect how a nonzero affinity driving receptors out of equilibrium affects sensitivity. This affinity arises whenever changes in receptor activity involve ATP hydrolysis. The…
A synapse acts on neural transmission through a chemical process called synapses fusion between pre-synaptic and post-synaptic terminals. Presynaptic terminals release neurotransmitters either in response to action potential or…
Synaptic communication is a natural Molecular Communication (MC) system which may serve as a blueprint for the design of synthetic MC systems. In particular, it features highly specialized mechanisms to enable inter-symbol interference…
Cooperative interactions among sensory receptors provide a general mechanism to increase the sensitivity of signal transduction. In particular, bacterial chemotaxis receptors interact cooperatively to produce an ultrasensitive response to…
Eukaryotic cells can polarize and migrate in response to electric fields via "galvanotaxis," which aids wound healing. Experimental evidence suggests cells sense electric fields via molecules on the cell's surface redistributing via…
Positive feedback regulation is ubiquitous in cell signaling networks, often leading to binary outcomes in response to graded stimuli. However, the role of such feedbacks in clustering, and in spatial spreading of activated molecules, has…
Molecular communication (MC) allows nanomachines to communicate and cooperate with each other in a fluid environment. The diffusion-based MC is popular but is easily constrained by the transmit distance due to the severe attenuation of…
Achieving precise synchronisation between transmitters and receivers is particularly challenging in diffusive molecular communication environments. To this end, point-to-point molecular communication system design is examined wherein…