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Differentiating signals from the background in micrographs is a critical initial step for cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM), yet it remains laborious due to low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the presence of contaminants and densely…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-30 Szu-Chi Chung , Po-Cheng Chou

Precisely measuring the three-dimensional position and orientation of individual fluorophores is challenging due to the substantial photon shot noise in single-molecule experiments. Facing this limited photon budget, numerous techniques…

Optics · Physics 2021-02-02 Oumeng Zhang , Matthew D. Lew

We propose and analyze a new time-domain method for subcycle metrology of quantum electric fields using a combination of a 3rd order nonlinear optical process and homodyne detection with a local oscillator (LO) field. The new method enables…

The precise determination of the position of point-like emitters and scatterers using far-field optical imaging techniques is of utmost importance for a wide range of applications in medicine, biology, astronomy, and physics. Although the…

Precise control of magnetic fields is a frequent challenge encountered in experiments with atomic quantum gases. Here we present a simple method for performing in-situ monitoring of magnetic fields that can readily be implemented in any…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2018-02-14 Ludwig Krinner , Michael Stewart , Arturo Pazmiño , Dominik Schneble

The decay of Rabi oscillations provides direct information about coherence of electron spins. When observed in EPR experiments, it is often shortened by spatial inhomogeneity of the microwave field amplitude in a bulk sample. In order to…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-09-03 A. P. Saiko , R. Fedaruk , S. A. Markevich

A localized measurement of the RF critical field on superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavity materials is a key step to identify specific defects that produce quenches of SRF cavities. Two new measurements are performed to demonstrate…

Superconductivity · Physics 2014-06-12 Tamin Tai , Behnood G. Ghamsari , Thomas R. Bieler , Teng Tan , X. X. Xi , Steven M. Anlage

We introduce MINFLUX, a concept for localizing photon emitters in space. By probing the emitter with a local intensity minimum of excitation light, MINFLUX minimizes the fluorescence photons needed for high localization precision. A 22-fold…

We present a new approach to tracking of radiation sources moving on smooth trajectories which can be approximated with piece-wise linear joins or piece-wise linear parabolas. We employ the use of cheap binary proximity sensors which only…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-08-03 Henry E. Baidoo-Williams

In this paper, the problem of target localization in the presence of outlying sensors is tackled. This problem is important in practice because in many real-world applications the sensors might report irrelevant data unintentionally or…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-02-15 Alireza Zaeemzadeh , Mohsen Joneidi , Behzad Shahrasbi , Nazanin Rahnavard

Radio tomographic imaging (RTI) is an emerging technology for localization of physical objects in a geographical area covered by wireless networks. With attenuation measurements collected at spatially distributed sensors, RTI capitalizes on…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-26 Donghoon Lee , Georgios B. Giannakis

Imaging specimens over large scales and with a sub-micron resolution is instrumental to biomedical research. Yet, the number of pixels to form such an image usually exceeds the number of pixels provided by conventional cameras. While most…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-12-03 Gaelle Recher , Pierre Nassoy , Amaury Badon

Rabi oscillations typify the inherent nonlinearity of optical excitations in quantum dots. Using an integral kernel formulation to solve the 3D Maxwell-Bloch equations in ensembles of up to $10^4$ quantum dots, we observe features in Rabi…

Atomic and Molecular Clusters · Physics 2017-09-13 Connor Glosser , B. Shanker , Carlo Piermarocchi

Rabi frequencies for multiphoton absorption by atoms or molecules that can be characterized as two- or three-level systems are obtained in the cases of single and double laser perturbations. If the ambiguity in the origin of absolute energy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Pedro F. Gonzalez-Diaz

This paper presents an analysis of target localization accuracy, attainable by the use of MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) radar systems, configured with multiple transmit and receive sensors, widely distributed over a given area. The…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Hana Godrich , Alexander M. Haimovich , Rick S. Blum

Point defects significantly influence the optical and electrical properties of solid-state materials due to their interactions with charge carriers, which reduce the band-to-band optical transition energy. There has been a demand for…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-04-04 Jiandong Feng , Hendrik Deschout , Sabina Caneva , Stephan Hofmann , Ivor Lončarić , Predrag Lazić , Aleksandra Radenovic

This paper considers the problem of accurate measurement of circular polarization in imaging spectral-line VLBI observations in the lambda=7 mm and lambda=3 mm wavelength bands. This capability is especially valuable for the full…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 A. J. Kemball , L. Richter

This paper studies a near-field multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar sensing system, in which the transceivers with massive antennas aim to localize multiple near-field targets in the three-dimensional (3D) space over unknown…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Haocheng Hua , Jie Xu , Yonina C. Eldar

The quantum Rabi model (QRM) with linear coupling between light mode and qubit exhibits the analog of a second order phase transition for vanishing mode frequency which allows for criticality-enhanced quantum metrology in a few-body system.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-25 Zu-Jian Ying , Simone Felicetti , Gang Liu , Daniel Braak

A novel finite-element method for calculating the illumination-dependence of absorption in three-dimensional nanostructures is presented based on the RF module of the COMSOL software package. This method is capable of numerically…

Optics · Physics 2015-05-28 Mária Csete , Áron Sipos , Faraz Najafi , Xiaolong Hu , Karl K. Berggren