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In this chapter we review recent experimental and theoretical work on various novel superfluid phases in fermion systems, that result from pairing fermions of different species with unequal densities. After briefly reviewing existing…

Superconductivity · Physics 2016-11-09 Kun Yang

Detecting the phases of the superconducting order parameter is pivotal for unraveling the pairing symmetry of superconducting electrons. Conventional methods for probing these phases have focused on macroscopic interference effects, such as…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-06-02 Bo Zhan , Qiang Gao , Runze Chi , Yiwen Chen , Lin Zhao , Dingshun Lv , Xingjiang Zhou , Tao Xiang

Cosmic filaments are thought to host a substantial fraction of the missing baryons at redshifts $z<2$. In this study, we constraint the baryonic content of these filaments using localized Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs). Filaments are identified…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-04 Jian-Feng Mo , Weishan Zhu , Qi-Rui Yang , Yi Zheng , Long-Long Feng

The inwards scattering of planetesimals towards white dwarfs is expected to be a stochastic process with variability on human time-scales. The planetesimals tidally disrupt at the Roche radius, producing dusty debris detectable as excess…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-15 Laura K. Rogers , Siyi Xu , Amy Bonsor , Simon Hodgkin , Kate Y. L. Su , Ted von Hippel , Michael Jura

Crystalline ice in Earth's atmosphere can produce spectacular phenomena due to orientation-dependent attenuation, such as sun dogs and halos, providing diagnostics of the external processes acting on the aerosol grains. Crystalline mineral…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-05 Elijah Mullens , Nikole K. Lewis

The measurement of the silicon lattice parameter by a separate-crystal triple-Laue x-ray interferometer is a key step for the kilogram realisation by counting atoms. Since the measurement accuracy is approaching nine significant digits, a…

Optics · Physics 2022-02-17 Carlo P. Sasso , Giovanni Mana , Enrico Massa

The influence of the phase fluctuation of the pump laser on the phase-correlation between the signal and idler modes of the output fields from as non-degenerate optical parametric oscillator operating above oscillation threshold was…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Dong Wang , Yana Shang , Zhihui Yan , Wenzhe Wang , Xiaojun Jia , Changde Xie , Kunchi Peng

We investigate the interaction between the magnetized stellar wind plasma and the partially ionized hydrodynamic hydrogen outflow from the escaping upper atmosphere of non- or weakly magnetized hot Jupiters. We use the well-studied hot…

Direct detection of thermal emission from nearby hot Jupiters has greatly advanced our knowledge of extrasolar planets in recent years. Since hot Jupiter systems can be regarded as analogs of high contrast binaries, ground-based infrared…

The innermost parts of dusty debris disks around main sequence stars are currently poorly known due to the high contrast and small angular separation with their parent stars. Using near-infrared interferometry, we aim to detect the…

Previous generation of instruments have the opportunity to discover thousands of extra-solar planets and more will come with the current and future planet-search missions. In order to go one step further in the characterization of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-03 Vikash Singh , G. Scandariato , I. Pagano

We present two algorithms to identify and flag radio frequency interference (RFI) in radio interferometric imaging data. The first algorithm utilizes the redundancy of visibilities inside a UV cell in the visibility plane to identify…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-27 Srikrishna Sekhar , Ramana Athreya

We derive a general formalism for interferometric visibilities, which considers first-order antenna-antenna coupling and assumes steady-state, incident radiation. We simulate such coupling features for non-polarized skies on a compact,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-06 Alec T. Josaitis , Aaron Ewall-Wice , Nicolas Fagnoni , Eloy de Lera Acedo

Two-photon interference with independent classical sources, in which superposition of two indistinguishable two-photon paths plays a key role, is of limited visibility of interference fringes with a maximum value of 50%. By using a…

Optics · Physics 2016-12-21 Peilong Hong , Lei Xu , Zhaohui Zhai , Guoquan Zhang

We describe a new and distinctive interferometry in which a probe particle scatters off a superposition of locations of a single free target particle. In one dimension, probe particles incident on superposed locations of a single "mirror"…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Daniel Rohrlich , Yakov Neiman , Yonathan Japha , Ron Folman

Interference of standing waves in electromagnetic resonators forms the basis of many technologies, from telecommunications and spectroscopy to detection of gravitational waves. However, unlike the confinement of light waves in vacuum, the…

21 cm tomography is emerging as a promising probe of the cosmological dark ages and the epoch of reionization, as well as a tool for observational cosmology in general. However, serious sources of foreground contamination must be subtracted…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-04-10 Adrian Liu , Max Tegmark , Matias Zaldarriaga

Few spectra of directly-imaged exoplanets have been obtained in the mid-infrared (> 3 $\mu$m). This region is particularly rich in molecular spectral signatures, whose measurements can help recover atmospheric parameters and provide a…

Variations in stellar flux can potentially overwhelm the photometric signal of a transiting planet. Such variability has not previously been well-characterized in the ultraviolet lines used to probe the inflated atmospheres surrounding hot…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-02-26 R. O. Parke Loyd , Kevin France

Parsec-scale jets of blazars have so far been spatially resolved only in millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths, where very long baseline interferometry can be used to obtain milliarcsecond-scale images of the jets. We have attempted to…