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Quantum thermalization describes how closed quantum systems can effectively reach thermal equilibrium, resolving the apparent incongruity between the reversibility of Schr\"odinger's equation and the second law of thermodynamics. Despite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-08 Saúl Pilatowsky-Cameo , Soonwon Choi

To simulate thermalizing systems at long times, the most straightforward approach is to calculate the thermal properties at the corresponding energy. In a quantum many-body system of size $N$, for local observables and many initial states,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-06-11 Yichen Huang

We establish an analytical criterion for dynamical thermalization within harmonic systems, applicable to both classical and quantum models. Specifically, we prove that thermalization of various observables, such as particle energies in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-07-29 Marco Cattaneo , Marco Baldovin , Dario Lucente , Paolo Muratore-Ginanneschi , Angelo Vulpiani

Preparing thermal (Gibbs) states is a common task in physics and computer science. Recent algorithms mimic cooling via system-bath coupling, where the cost is determined by mixing time, akin to classical Metropolis-like algorithms. However,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-13 David Gamarnik , Bobak T. Kiani , Alexander Zlokapa

We present a holographic quantum simulation algorithm to variationally prepare thermal states of $d$-dimensional interacting quantum many-body systems, using only enough hardware qubits to represent a ($d$-1)-dimensional cross-section. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-17 Yuxuan Zhang , Shahin Jahanbani , Daoheng Niu , Reza Haghshenas , Andrew C. Potter

We present a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm to simulate thermal states of a classical Hamiltonians on a quantum computer. Our scheme employs a sequence of locally controlled rotations, building up the desired state by adding qubits one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 Man-Hong Yung , Daniel Nagaj , James D. Whitfield , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

Quantum computing has attracted the attention of the scientific community in the past few decades. However, despite some relevant advantages, near-term quantum devices remain severely limited by thermal effects, which induce decoherence and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-02 G. X. A. Petronilo , M. R. Araújo , A. B. M. Souza , Clebson Cruz

One of the most fundamental problems in quantum many-body physics is the characterization of correlations among thermal states. Of particular relevance is the thermal area law, which justifies the tensor network approximations to thermal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-12 Tomotaka Kuwahara , Álvaro M. Alhambra , Anurag Anshu

We introduce a method that ensures efficient computation of one-dimensional quantum systems with long-range interactions across all temperatures. Our algorithm operates within a quasi-polynomial runtime for inverse temperatures up to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-19 Rakesh Achutha , Donghoon Kim , Yusuke Kimura , Tomotaka Kuwahara

Providing evidence that quantum computers can efficiently prepare low-energy or thermal states of physically relevant interacting quantum systems is a major challenge in quantum information science. A newly developed quantum Gibbs sampling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-08 Akshar Ramkumar , Mehdi Soleimanifar

Preparation of low-energy quantum many-body states has a wide range of applications in quantum information processing and condensed matter physics. Quantum cooling algorithms offer a promising alternative to other methods based, for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-22 Daniel Molpeceres , Sirui Lu , J. Ignacio Cirac , Barbara Kraus

Storing quantum information for long times without disruptions is a major requirement for most quantum information technologies. A very appealing approach is to use self-correcting Hamiltonians, i.e. tailoring local interactions among the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-02-01 Fernando Pastawski , Lucas Clemente , Juan Ignacio Cirac

The development of novel quantum many-body computational algorithms relies on robust benchmarking. However, generating such benchmarks is often hindered by the massive computational resources required for exact diagonalization or quantum…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-12-29 Wei-Bo He , Yun-Tong Yang , Hong-Gang Luo

We present a control scheme for quantum systems coupled to a thermal bath. We demonstrate state-to-state control between two Gibbs states. This scheme can be used to accelerate thermalization and cool the open system. Starting from a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-11 Roie Dann , Ander Tobalina , Ronnie Kosloff

For quantum many-body systems in one dimension, computational complexity theory reveals that the evaluation of ground-state energy remains elusive on quantum computers, contrasting the existence of a classical algorithm for temperatures…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-06-11 Atsushi Iwaki , Chisa Hotta

Many simulation tasks require that one first prepare a system's Gibbs state. We present a family of quantum circuits for variational preparation of thermal Gibbs states on a quantum computer; we call them the thermal multi-scale…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-01 Troy J. Sewell , Christopher David White , Brian Swingle

We present rigorous bounds on the thermalization time of the family of quantum mechanical spin systems known as stabilizer Hamiltonians. The thermalizing dynamics are modeled by a Davies master equation that arises from a weak local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-29 Kristan Temme , Michael J. Kastoryano

Deep thermalization refers to the emergence of Haar-like randomness from quantum systems upon partial measurements. As a generalization of quantum thermalization, it is often associated with high complexity and entanglement. Here, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-24 Shantanav Chakraborty , Soonwon Choi , Soumik Ghosh , Tudor Giurgică-Tiron

Algorithmic Cooling is a method that uses novel data compression techniques and simplecquantum computing devices to improve NMR spectroscopy, and to offer scalable NMR quantum computers. The algorithm recursively employs two steps. A…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Jose M. Fernandez , Tal Mor , Yossi Weinstein

Quantum phases at zero temperature can be characterized as equivalence classes under local unitary transformations: two ground states within a gapped phase can be transformed into each other via a local unitary circuit. We generalize this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-25 Ruochen Ma , Vedika Khemani , Shengqi Sang
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