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Modern software systems are developed in diverse programming languages and often harbor critical vulnerabilities that attackers can exploit to compromise security. These vulnerabilities have been actively targeted in real-world attacks,…

We have developed two computer algebra systems, meditor [Jolly:2007] and JAS [Kredel:2006]. These CAS systems are available as Java libraries. For the use-case of interactively entering and manipulating mathematical expressions, there is a…

A recent study by Ahmed and Devanbu reported that using a corpus of code written in multilingual datasets to fine-tune multilingual Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) achieves higher performance as opposed to using a corpus of code written…

It has been argued that computational thinking should precede computer programming in the course of a career in computing. This argument is the basis for the slogan "logic first, syntax later" and the development of many cryptic syntax…

Traditionally, computer programming has been the prerogative of professional developers using textual programming languages such as C, Java, or Python. Low-code programming promises an alternative: letting citizen developers create programs…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance across software engineering tasks, from code generation to translation. However, we identify and systematically evaluate a critical failure mode: Programming Language…

Coding standards and good practices are fundamental to a disciplined approach to software projects, whatever programming languages they employ. Prolog programming can benefit from such an approach, perhaps more than programming in other…

As large language models (LLMs) become integral to code-related tasks, a central question emerges: Do LLMs truly understand program semantics? We introduce EquiBench, a new benchmark for evaluating LLMs through equivalence checking, i.e.,…

Context: In the context of exploring the art, science and engineering of programming, the question of which programming languages should be taught first has been fiercely debated since computer science teaching started in universities.…

R is a robust open-source programming language mainly used for statistical computing . Many areas of statistical research are experiencing rapid growth in the size of data sets. Methodological advances drive increased use of simulations. A…

Automatic Program Repair (APR) aims at fixing buggy source code with less manual debugging efforts, which plays a vital role in improving software reliability and development productivity. Recent APR works have achieved remarkable progress…

Code large language models (LLMs) have made significant progress in code debugging by directly generating the correct code based on the buggy code snippet. Programming benchmarks, typically consisting of buggy code snippet and their…

We introduce PPL Bench, a new benchmark for evaluating Probabilistic Programming Languages (PPLs) on a variety of statistical models. The benchmark includes data generation and evaluation code for a number of models as well as…

Communication protocols are central to engineering decentralized multiagent systems. Modern protocol languages are typically formal and address aspects of decentralization, such as asynchrony. However, modern languages differ in important…

CPL here stands for a computer programming language conceived and developed by the author since 1993, but published for the first time in 2020. It was born as a Compiled Programming Language, designed together with its compiler and…

Machine learning is driving development across many fields in science and engineering. A simple and efficient programming language could accelerate applications of machine learning in various fields. Currently, the programming languages…

The evaluation of new computing languages for a large community, like HEP, involves comparison of many aspects of the languages' behaviour, ecosystem and interactions with other languages. In this paper we compare a number of languages…

Most programming languages, besides C, provide a native abstraction for character strings, but string APIs vary widely in size, expressiveness, and subjective convenience across languages. In Pharo, while at first glance the API of the…

Real-world programs are neither monolithic nor static -- they are constructed using platform and third party libraries, and both programs and libraries continuously evolve in response to change pressure. In case of the Java language, rules…

Understanding how developers combine programming languages in practice reveals the hidden structure of the software ecosystem: which languages are used as complements, which define coherent technology stacks, and which bridge disparate…