Related papers: Characterizing decidability in a quasianalytic set…
First-order linear real arithmetic enriched with uninterpreted predicate symbols yields an interesting modeling language. However, satisfiability of such formulas is undecidable, even if we restrict the uninterpreted predicate symbols to…
This paper is devoted to studying the first-order variational analysis of non-convex and non-differentiable functions that may not be subdifferentially regular. To achieve this goal, we entirely rely on two concepts of directional…
We determine, up to the equivalence of first-order interdefinability, all structures which are first-order definable in the random partial order. It turns out that these structures fall into precisely five equivalence classes. We achieve…
Recently, in Axioms 10(2): 119 (2021), a nonclassical first-order theory T of sets and functions has been introduced as the collection of axioms we have to accept if we want a foundational theory for (all of) mathematics that is not weaker…
It is known that first-order logic with some counting extensions can be efficiently evaluated on graph classes with bounded expansion, where depth-$r$ minors have constant density. More precisely, the formulas are $\exists x_1 ... x_k \#y…
The randomization of a complete first order theory T is the complete continuous theory T^R with two sorts, a sort for random elements of models of T, and a sort for events in an underlying probability space. We give necessary and sufficient…
The following representation theorem is proven: A partially ordered commutative ring $R$ is a subring of a ring of almost everywhere defined continuous real-valued functions on a compact Hausdorff space $X$ if and only if $R$ is archimedean…
In semialgebraic geometry, projections play a prominent role. A definable choice is a semialgebraic selection of one point in every fiber of a projection. Definable choices exist by semialgebraic triviality, but their complexity depends…
Let $F$ be the set of functions from an infinite set, $S$, to an ordered ring, $R$. For $f$, $g$, and $h$ in $F$, the assertion $f = g + O(h)$ means that for some constant $C$, $|f(x) - g(x)| \leq C |h(x)|$ for every $x$ in $S$. Let $L$ be…
We introduce a novel decidable fragment of first-order logic. The fragment is one-dimensional in the sense that quantification is limited to applications of blocks of existential (universal) quantifiers such that at most one variable…
The first-order theory of addition over the natural numbers, known as Presburger arithmetic, is decidable in double exponential time. Adding an uninterpreted unary predicate to the language leads to an undecidable theory. We sharpen the…
Quasianalytic classes are classes of infinitely differentiable functions that satisfy the analytic continuation property enjoyed by analytic functions. Two general examples are quasianalytic Denjoy-Carleman classes (of origin in the…
We show that for any $i > 0$, it is decidable, given a regular language, whether it is expressible in the $\Sigma_i[<]$ fragment of first-order logic FO[<]. This settles a question open since 1971. Our main technical result relies on the…
Given a compact basic semi-algebraic set $K\subset R^n\times R^m$, a simple set $B$ (box or ellipsoid), and some semi-algebraic function $f$, we consider sets defined with quantifiers, of the form $R_f:=\{x\in B: \mbox{$f(x,y)\leq 0$ for…
Rice's theorem shows that nontrivial extensional properties of partial recursive functions are undecidable. For finite weighted Boolean optimization/CSP-style slices, a Rice-style structural analogue holds for tractability classification:…
It is well known that the non-spiraling leaves of real analytic foliations of codimension 1 all belong to the same o-minimal structure. Naturally, the question arises if the same statement is true for non-oscillating trajectories of real…
We propose new structures called almost o-minimal structures and $\mathfrak X$-structures. The former is a first-order expansion of a dense linear order without endpoints such that the intersection of a definable set with a bounded open…
A theory $T$ is said to be relatively decidable if for every model of $T$, one can compute the elementary diagram of that model from its atomic diagram together with $T$. We verify a conjecture of Chubb, Miller, and Solomon by showing that…
This article discusses completeness of Boolean Algebra as First Order Theory in Goedel's meaning. If Theory is complete then any possible transformation is equivalent to some transformation using axioms, predicates etc. defined for this…
We introduce a first-order theory of finite full binary trees and then identify decidable and undecidable fragments of this theory. We show that the analogue of Hilbert`s 10th Problem is undecidable by constructing a many-to-one reduction…