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Related papers: Logic, Reasoning under Uncertainty and Causality

200 papers

We consider multi-agent argumentation, where each agent's view of the arguments is encoded as an argumentation framework (AF). Then we study deliberative processes than can occur on this basis. We think of a deliberative process as taking…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-08-08 Truls Pedersen , Sjur Dyrkolbotn

Logical frameworks and meta-languages form a common substrate for representing, implementing and reasoning about a wide variety of deductive systems of interest in logic and computer science. Their design, implementation and their use in…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Elaine Pimentel , Enrico Tassi

Explanation constitutes an archetypal feature of human rationality, underpinning learning and generalisation, and representing one of the media supporting scientific discovery and communication. Due to the importance of explanations in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Marco Valentino , André Freitas

The last few years has seen a growing debate about techniques for managing uncertainty in AI systems. Unfortunately this debate has been cast as a rivalry between AI methods and classical probability based ones. Three arguments for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-15 John Fox

The situation assessment problem is considered, in terms of object, condition, activity, and plan recognition, based on data coming from the real-word {em via} various sensors. It is shown that uncertainty issues are linked both to the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-01 Charles Castel , Corine Cossart , Catherine Tessier

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) must resolve conflicts when different modalities provide contradictory information, a process we term modality following. Prior work measured this behavior only with coarse dataset-level statistics,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Zhuoran Zhang , Tengyue Wang , Xilin Gong , Yang Shi , Haotian Wang , Di Wang , Lijie Hu

Reasoning about the causes behind observations is crucial to the formalization of rationality. While extensive research has been conducted on root cause analysis, most studies have predominantly focused on deterministic settings. In this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Shakil M. Khan , Yves Lespérance , Maryam Rostamigiv

Traditional cognitive science rests on a foundation of classical logic and probability theory. This foundation has been seriously challenged by several findings in experimental psychology on human decision making. Meanwhile, the formalism…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-12-31 Diederik Aerts , Sandro Sozzo , Tomas Veloz

Machine learning models support decision-making, yet the reasons behind their predictions are opaque. Clear and reliable explanations help users make informed decisions and avoid blindly trusting model outputs. However, many existing…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Francisco Mateus Rocha Filho , Ajalmar Rêgo da Rocha Neto , Thiago Alves Rocha

We develop a framework for modelling and reasoning with uncertainty based on accept and reject statements about gambles. It generalises the frameworks found in the literature based on statements of acceptability, desirability, or…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-01-26 Erik Quaeghebeur , Gert de Cooman , Filip Hermans

Recent years have seen a boom in interest in machine learning systems that can provide a human-understandable rationale for their predictions or decisions. However, exactly what kinds of explanation are truly human-interpretable remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-30 Isaac Lage , Emily Chen , Jeffrey He , Menaka Narayanan , Been Kim , Sam Gershman , Finale Doshi-Velez

Causality has traditionally been a scientific way to generate knowledge by relating causes to effects. From an imaginery point of view, causal graphs are a helpful tool for representing and infering new causal information. In previous…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-07 Eduardo C. Garrido-Merchán , C. Puente , A. Sobrino , J. A. Olivas

An in-depth understanding of uncertainty is the first step to making effective decisions under uncertainty. Deep/machine learning (ML/DL) has been hugely leveraged to solve complex problems involved with processing high-dimensional data.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Zhen Guo , Zelin Wan , Qisheng Zhang , Xujiang Zhao , Feng Chen , Jin-Hee Cho , Qi Zhang , Lance M. Kaplan , Dong H. Jeong , Audun Jøsang

Uncertainty in machine learning refers to the degree of confidence or lack thereof in a model's predictions. While uncertainty quantification methods exist, explanations of uncertainty, especially in high-dimensional settings, remain an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Isaac Roberts , Alexander Schulz , Sarah Schroeder , Fabian Hinder , Barbara Hammer

Recent advancements in machine learning have emphasized the need for transparency in model predictions, particularly as interpretability diminishes when using increasingly complex architectures. In this paper, we propose leveraging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Chenrui Zhu , Louenas Bounia , Vu Linh Nguyen , Sébastien Destercke , Arthur Hoarau

Despite widespread success in language understanding and generation, large language models (LLMs) exhibit unclear and often inconsistent behavior when faced with tasks that require probabilistic reasoning. In this work, we present the first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Mobina Pournemat , Keivan Rezaei , Gaurang Sriramanan , Arman Zarei , Jiaxiang Fu , Yang Wang , Hamid Eghbalzadeh , Soheil Feizi

In this paper some initial work towards a new approach to qualitative reasoning under uncertainty is presented. This method is not only applicable to qualitative probabilistic reasoning, as is the case with other methods, but also allows…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-08 Simon Parsons , E. H. Mamdani

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly show reasoning rationales alongside their answers, turning "reasoning" into a user-interface element. While step-by-step rationales are typically associated with model performance, how they…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Xin Sun , Shu Wei , Jos A Bosch , Isao Echizen , Saku Sugawara , Abdallah El Ali

A central quest in explainable AI relates to understanding the decisions made by (learned) classifiers. There are three dimensions of this understanding that have been receiving significant attention in recent years. The first dimension…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Adnan Darwiche

Defeasible reasoning is the mode of reasoning where conclusions can be overturned by taking into account new evidence. Existing cognitive science literature on defeasible reasoning suggests that a person forms a mental model of the problem…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Aman Madaan , Niket Tandon , Dheeraj Rajagopal , Peter Clark , Yiming Yang , Eduard Hovy