Related papers: Spontaneous Lorentz Violation, Nambu-Goldstone Mod…
The study of spontaneous breakdown of spacetime symmetries leads to the discovery of another type of Higgs mechanism operating in a chiral SU(2) model. Some of the Nambu-Goldstone vector mesons emergent from simultaneous violations of gauge…
The emergence of gauge particles (e.g., photons and gravitons) as Goldstone bosons arising from spontaneous symmetry breaking is an interesting hypothesis which would provide a dynamical setting for the gauge principle. We investigate this…
Phenomenological implications of a minimal extension to the Standard Model are considered, in which a Nambu-Goldstone boson emerges from the spontaneous breaking of a global U(1) symmetry. This is felt only by a scalar field which is a…
A self-contained method of obtaining effective theories resulting from the spontaneous breakdown of conformal invariance is developed. It allows to demonstrate that the Nambu-Goldstone fields for special conformal transformations always…
We show that baryon number symmetry is spontaneously broken in a class of three-dimensional, ${\cal N}=1$ supersymmetric theories with a discrete mass spectrum. These models serve as lower-dimensional, less-supersymmetric analogs of the…
The possibility of Lorentz symmetry breaking (LSB) has attracted considerable attention in recent years. Spontaneous LSB, in particular, offers the attractive prospect of the graviton as a Nambu-Golstone boson. Here we consider the question…
Spontaneous symmetry breaking occurs in a system when its Hamiltonian possesses a certain symmetry, whereas the ground state wave functions do not preserve it. This provides such a scenario that a bifurcation, which breaks the symmetry,…
Little Higgs models often feature spontaneously broken extra global symmetries, which must also be explicitly broken in order to avoid massless Goldstone modes in the spectrum. We show that a possible conflict with collective symmetry…
We argue that an exact gauge invariance may disable some generic features of the Standard Model which could otherwise manifest themselves at high energies. One of them might be related to the spontaneous Lorentz invariance violation (SLIV)…
First, we develop the counting rule for Nambu-Goldstone bosons to the system including two-time derivative terms. In this case, the type-II Nambu-Goldstone bosons may appear along with the massive Nambu-Goldstone ones. The number of the…
The Higgs mode is a key component in the spontaneous breaking of a continuous symmetry along with the Nambu-Goldstone mode, and has been studied extensively for homogeneous systems. We consider it for inhomogeneous systems, using the…
The breaking of Lorentz symmetry via a dynamical mechanism, with a tensor field which takes on a non-zero expectation value in vacuum, has been a subject of significant research activity in recent years. In certain models of this type, the…
We argue that a generic trigger for photon and other gauge fields to emerge as massless Nambu-Goldstone modes could be spontaneously broken supersymmetry rather than physically manifested Lorentz violation. We consider supersymmetric QED…
The spontaneous breakdown of the scale, the chiral and the superconformal symmetries for a hidden $SU(N)$ gauge group is studied in an effective lagrangean approach. The relevant low-energy degrees of freedom are taken to be the composite…
We investigate a class of theories involving a symmetric two-tensor field in Minkowski spacetime with a potential triggering spontaneous violation of Lorentz symmetry. The resulting massless Nambu-Goldstone modes are shown to obey the…
In superfluids the order parameter, which describes spontaneous symmetry breaking, is an analogue of the Higgs field in the Standard Model of particle physics. Oscillations of the field amplitude are massive Higgs bosons, while oscillations…
Multi-gap superconductors exhibit interesting properties. In an $N$-gap superconductor, we have in general $U(1)^N$ phase invariance. This multiple-phase invariance is partially or totally spontaneously broken in a superconductor. The…
Composite Higgs models are an attractive scenario, where the discovered Higgs boson is regarded as a Nambu-Goldstone boson associated with spontaneous breakdown of a global symmetry of more fundamental theory. This class of models predicts…
Spontaneous violation of Lorentz symmetry by the vacuum condensation of an antisymmetric $2$-tensor is considered. The coset construction for nonlinear realization of spacetime symmetries is employed to build the most general low-energy…
We argue that in an inflationary cosmology a consequence of the lack of time translational invariance is that spontaneous breaking of a continuous symmetry and Goldstone's theorem \emph{do not} imply the existence of \emph{massless}…