Related papers: State Complexity of Testing Divisibility
We present and prove a theorem answering the question "how many states does a minimal deterministic finite automaton (DFA) that recognizes the set of base-b numbers divisible by k have?"
Beyond computer science, quantum complexity theory can potentially revolutionize multiple branches of physics, ranging from quantum many-body systems to quantum field theory. In this paper, we investigate the relationship between the sample…
We present an algorithm to generate positive braids of a given length as words in Artin generators with a uniform probability. The complexity of this algorithm is polynomial in the number of strands and in the length of the generated…
Algorithms which learn environments represented by automata in the past have had complexity scaling with the number of states in the automaton, which can be exponentially large even for automata recognizing regular expressions with a small…
The projected language of a general deterministic automaton with $n$ states is recognizable by a deterministic automaton with $2^{n-1} + 2^{n-m} - 1$ states, where $m$ denotes the number of states incident to unobservable non-loop…
We revisit the complexity of procedures on SFAs (such as intersection, emptiness, etc.) and analyze them according to the measures we find suitable for symbolic automata: the number of states, the maximal number of transitions exiting a…
The problem of minimization of a quadratic functional depending on great number of binary variables is examined. 3 variants of minimization procedure are studied with the aid of computer simulation for spin-glass matrices. It is shown that…
We consider the state complexity of basic operations on tree languages recognized by deterministic unranked tree automata. For the operations of union and intersection the upper and lower bounds of both weakly and strongly deterministic…
We investigate the shuffle operation on regular languages represented by complete deterministic finite automata. We prove that $f(m,n)=2^{mn-1} + 2^{(m-1)(n-1)}(2^{m-1}-1)(2^{n-1}-1)$ is an upper bound on the state complexity of the shuffle…
FIFO automata are finite state machines communicating through FIFO queues. They can be used for instance to model distributed protocols. Due to the unboundedness of the FIFO queues, several verification problems are undecidable for these…
I study the state complexity of binary operations on regular languages over different alphabets. It is well known that if $L'_m$ and $L_n$ are languages restricted to be over the same alphabet, with $m$ and $n$ quotients, respectively, the…
Multiway Turing machines (also known as nondeterministic Turing machines or NDTMs) with explicit, simple rules are studied. Even very simple rules are found to generate complex behavior, characterized by complex multiway graphs, that can be…
This paper establishes a lower bound on the number of states necessary in the worst case to simulate an $n$-state two-way nondeterministic finite automaton (2NFA) by a one-way unambiguous finite automaton (UFA). It is proved that for every…
We study the satisfiability problem of symbolic tree automata and decompose it into the satisfiability problem of the existential first-order theory of the input characters and the existential monadic second-order theory of the indices of…
We investigate the nondeterministic state complexity of basic operations for suffix-free regular languages. The nondeterministic state complexity of an operation is the number of states that are necessary and sufficient in the worst-case…
Every language recognized by a non-deterministic finite automaton can be recognized by a deterministic automaton, at the cost of a potential increase of the number of states, which in the worst case can go from $n$ states to $2^n$ states.…
The Fibonacci topological order is the prime candidate for the realization of universal topological quantum computation. We devise minimal quantum circuits to demonstrate the non-Abelian nature of the doubled Fibonacci topological order, as…
We prove that for many ranks r<2m-2, random rank r mixed states in bipartite mxm systems have relatively high Schmidt numbers, which is based on algebraic-geometric separability criterion proved in [1]. This also means that the…
Every automaton can be decomposed into a cascade of basic prime automata. This is the Prime Decomposition Theorem by Krohn and Rhodes. Guided by this theory, we propose automata cascades as a structured, modular, way to describe automata as…
We construct a probabilistic finite automaton (PFA) with 7 states and an input alphabet of 5 symbols for which the PFA Emptiness Problem is undecidable. The only input for the decision problem is the starting distribution. For the proof, we…