English
Related papers

Related papers: Random Oracles in a Quantum World

200 papers

The rapid advancement of quantum technologies calls for the design and deployment of quantum-safe cryptographic protocols and communication networks. There are two primary approaches to achieving quantum-resistant security: quantum key…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises secure key agreement by using quantum mechanical systems. We argue that QKD will be an important part of future cryptographic infrastructures. It can provide long-term confidentiality for encrypted…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-01-25 Douglas Stebila , Michele Mosca , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Chosen-ciphertext security, which guarantees confidentiality of encrypted messages even in the presence of a decryption oracle, has become the defacto notion of security for public-key encryption under active attack. In this manuscript, for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-04-08 Roohallah Rastaghi

Forty years ago, Wiesner pointed out that quantum mechanics raises the striking possibility of money that cannot be counterfeited according to the laws of physics. We propose the first quantum money scheme that is (1) public-key, meaning…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-09-18 Scott Aaronson , Paul Christiano

In modelling complex processes, the potential past data that influence future expectations are immense. Models that track all this data are not only computationally wasteful but also shed little light on what past data most influence the…

The main promise of quantum computing is to efficiently solve certain problems that are prohibitively expensive for a classical computer. Most problems with a proven quantum advantage involve the repeated use of a black box, or oracle,…

We review the notion of a classical random cipher and its advantages. We sharpen the usual description of random ciphers to a particular mathematical characterization suggested by the salient feature responsible for their increased…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Ranjith Nair , Horace P. Yuen , Eric Corndorf , Takami Eguchi , Prem Kumar

We prove the security of theoretical quantum key distribution against the most general attacks which can be performed on the channel, by an eavesdropper who has unlimited computation abilities, and the full power allowed by the rules of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-07-16 Eli Biham , Michel Boyer , P. Oscar Boykin , Tal Mor , Vwani Roychowdhury

Quantum cryptography has been extensively studied in the last twenty years, but information-flow security of quantum computing and communication systems has been almost untouched in the previous research. Duo to the essential difference…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-01-30 Mingsheng Ying , Yuang Feng , Nengkun Yu

While advances in quantum computing promise new opportunities for scientific advancement (e.g., material science and machine learning), many people are not aware that they also threaten the widely deployed cryptographic algorithms that are…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Matt Campagna , Brian LaMacchia , David Ott

A central tenet of theoretical cryptography is the study of the minimal assumptions required to implement a given cryptographic primitive. One such primitive is the one-time memory (OTM), introduced by Goldwasser, Kalai, and Rothblum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-15 Anne Broadbent , Sevag Gharibian , Hong-Sheng Zhou

The application and analysis of the Cut-and-Choose technique in protocols secure against quantum adversaries is not a straightforward transposition of the classical case, among other reasons due to the difficulty to use rewinding in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-14 Elham Kashefi , Luka Music , Petros Wallden

Quantum computing promises the ability to compute properties of quantum systems exponentially faster than classical computers. Quantum advantage is achieved when a practical problem is solved more efficiently on a quantum computer than on a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 William A. Simon , Peter J. Love

We show that a family of quantum authentication protocols introduced in [Barnum et al., FOCS 2002] can be used to construct a secure quantum channel and additionally recycle all of the secret key if the message is successfully…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-24 Christopher Portmann

Randomness extractors, widely used in classical and quantum cryptography and other fields of computer science, e.g., derandomization, are functions which generate almost uniform randomness from weak sources of randomness. In the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-09 Rotem Arnon , Christopher Portmann , Volkher B. Scholz

Ensuring security and integrity of elections constitutes an important challenge with wide-ranging societal implications. Classically, security guarantees can be ensured based on computational complexity, which may be challenged by quantum…

An overview on current developments in post quantum cryptography

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-09-13 Xenia Bogomolec , Jochen Gerhard

A theorem is proved which states that no classical key generating protocol could ever be provably secure. Consequently, candidates for provably secure protocols must rely on some quantum effect. Theorem relies on the fact that BB84 Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mario Stipcevic

We give a new class of security definitions for authentication in the quantum setting. These definitions capture and strengthen existing definitions of security against quantum adversaries for both classical message authentication codes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-09-15 Sumegha Garg , Henry Yuen , Mark Zhandry

Quantum computing poses fundamental risks to classical blockchain systems by undermining widely used cryptographic primitives. In response, two major research directions have emerged: post-quantum blockchains, which integrate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Saurav Ghosh , Niloy Deb Roy Mishu