Related papers: Radio numbers for generalized prism graphs

Let $G$ be a simple connected graph. For any two vertices $u$ and $v$, let $d(u,v)$ denote the distance between $u$ and $v$ in $G$. A radio-$k$-labeling of $G$ for a fixed positive integer $k$ is a function $f$ which assigns to each vertex…

For $k\in\mathbb{Z}^+$ and $G$ a simple connected graph, a $k$-radio labeling $f:V_G\to\Z^+$ of $G$ requires all pairs of distinct vertices $u$ and $v$ to satisfy $|f(u)-f(v)|\geq k+1-d(u,v)$. When $k=1$, this requirement gives rise to the…

The rapid development of wireless communication has made efficient spectrum assignment a crucial factor in enhancing network performance. As a combinatorial optimization model for channel assignment, the radio labeling is recognized as an…

The study of radio graceful labelings is motivated by modeling efficient frequency assignment to radio towers, cellular towers, and satellite networks. For a simple, connected graph $G = (V(G), E(G))$, a radio labeling is a mapping $f: V(G)…

A coprime labeling of a graph of order $n$ is an assignment of distinct positive integer labels in which adjacent vertices have relatively prime labels. Restricting labels to only the set $1$ to $n$ results in a prime labeling. In this…

In this article, we study radio \(k\)-colorings of simple connected graphs \(G\) with diameter \(d\), where a radio \(k\)-coloring \(g\) assigns non-negative integers to \(V(G)\) (vertices of \(G\)) such that \(|g(u) - g(v)| \geq 1 + k -…

A signed graph $\Sigma=(G,\sigma)$ is said to be parity signed if there exists a bijection $f : V(G) \rightarrow \{1,2,...,|V(G)|\}$ such that $\sigma(uv)=+$ if and only if $f(u)$ and $f(v)$ are of same parity, where $uv$ is an edge of $G$.…

An $L(2,1)$-labeling of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is a function $f$ from the vertex set $V(G)$ to the set of nonnegative integers such that the labels on adjacent vertices differ by at least two, and the labels on vertices at distance two differ by…

An L(2, 1)-labeling of a graph is an assignment of nonnegative integers to the vertices of G such that adjacent vertices receive numbers differed by at least 2, and vertices at distance 2 are assigned distinct numbers. The L(2, 1)-labeling…

For a graph $G=(V,E)$, a set $S \subseteq V$ is a $[1,2]$-set if it is a dominating set for $G$ and each vertex $v \in V \setminus S$ is dominated by at most two vertices of $S$, i.e. $1 \leq \vert N(v) \cap S \vert \leq 2$. Moreover a set…

A simple and connected $n$-vertex graph has a prime vertex labeling if the vertices can be injectively labeled with the integers $1, 2, 3,\ldots, n$, such that adjacent vertices have relatively prime labels. We will present previously…

A coprime labeling of a graph $G$ is a labeling of the vertices of $G$ with distinct integers from $1$ to $k$ such that adjacent vertices have coprime labels. The minimum coprime number of $G$ is the least $k$ for which such a labeling…

The domination number of a graph $G = (V,E)$ is the minimum cardinality of any subset $S \subset V$ such that every vertex in $V$ is in $S$ or adjacent to an element of $S$. Finding the domination numbers of $m$ by $n$ grids was an open…

A {\it path covering} of a graph $G$ is a set of vertex disjoint paths of $G$ containing all the vertices of $G$. The {\it path covering number} of $G$, denoted by $P(G)$, is the minimum number of paths in a path covering of $G$. An {\sl…

The general position number ${\rm gp}(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the cardinality of a largest set of vertices $S$ such that no element of $S$ lies on a geodesic between two other elements of $S$. The complementary prism $G\overline{G}$ of $G$ is…

A {\it universal labeling} of a graph $G$ is a labeling of the edge set in $G$ such that in every orientation $\ell$ of $G$ for every two adjacent vertices $v$ and $u$, the sum of incoming edges of $v$ and $u$ in the oriented graph are…

The power graph $\Gamma_G$ of a finite group $G$ is the graph with the vertex set $G$, where two distinct elements are adjacent if one is a power of the other. An $L(2, 1)$-labeling of a graph $\Gamma$ is an assignment of labels from…

An \textit{$(n,m)$-graph} $G$ is a graph having both arcs and edges, and its arcs (resp., edges) are labeled using one of the $n$ (resp., $m$) different symbols. An \textit{$(n,m)$-complete graph} $G$ is an $(n,m)$-graph without loops or…

A prime labeling of a graph of order $n$ is a labeling of the vertices with the integers $1$ to~$n$ in which adjacent vertices have relatively prime labels. A coprime labeling maintains the same criterion on adjacent vertices using any set…

An $L(2, 1)$-labeling of a graph $G$ is an assignment of a nonnegative integer to each vertex of $G$ such that adjacent vertices receive integers that differ by at least two and vertices at distance two receive distinct integers. The span…