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The photon model of light has been known for decades to be self-inconsistent and controversial theory with numerous intrinsic conflicts. This paper revises the model and explores its applicability for description of classical…

General Physics · Physics 2021-06-16 Yuriy Akimov , Pavlo Rutkevych

In the theory of modern physics, such as in relativity and quantum mechanics, the three-dimensionality of space is introduced as a presupposed fact. The three-dimensionality of particle motion, that is, the three-dimensionality of particle…

General Physics · Physics 2018-01-12 Xiaoshuang Shen

We study the transverse propagation of photons in a magnetized vacuum considering radiative corrections in the one-loop approximation. The dispersion equation is modified due to the magnetized photon self-energy in the transparency region…

The photon behavior in an arbitrary superposition of constant magnetic and electric fields is considered on most general grounds basing on the first principles like Lorentz- gauge- charge- and parity-invariance. We make model- and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-02-11 Anatoly E. Shabad , Vladimir V. Usov

The dark photon is a new gauge boson whose existence has been conjectured. It is dark because it arises from a symmetry of a hypothetical dark sector comprising particles completely neutral under the Standard Model interactions. Dark though…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-03-02 Marco Fabbrichesi , Emidio Gabrielli , Gaia Lanfranchi

We discuss properties of photons in extremely strong magnetic fields induced by the relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We investigate the vacuum birefringence, the real-photon decay, and the photon splitting which are all forbidden in the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-11-06 Koichi Hattori , Kazunori Itakura

We use a relativistic argument to define an effective photon that travels through a transparent (non-absorbing) nondispersive dielectric medium of index of refraction $n$. If $p$ is the momentum of the photon in a vacuum, then the momentum…

Classical Physics · Physics 2018-01-17 Bradley W. Carroll , Farhang Amiri , J. Ronald Galli

Photons in vacuum are transverse in any inertial frame; longitudinal photons only exist virtually. By developing a manifestly covariant theory for electromagnetic excitations in relativistic plasmas and applying Wigner's little group method…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-01-13 Hong Qin , Eric Palmerduca

Recently the spectacular result was derived quantum mechanically that the total angular momentum of photons in light beams with finite lateral extensions can have half-integer quantum numbers. In a circularly polarized Gauss light beam it…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-03-20 Manfred Fähnle

We observe that it is very usefull to introduce a complex field for the axion photon system in an external magnetic field, when for example considered with the geometry of the experiments exploring axion photon mixing, where the real part…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-11-27 E. I. Guendelman

We study photon propagation in a strong magnetic field $B\sim B_{\rm{cr}}$, where $B_{\rm cr}= \frac{m^2}{e} \simeq 4.4 \times 10^{13}$ Gauss is the Schwinger critical field. We show that the expected value of the Hamiltonian of a quantized…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-24 Sree Ram Valluri , Farrukh Chishtie , Wieslaw J. Mielniczuk

The axion photon system in an external magnetic field, when the direction of propagation of axions and photons is orthogonal to the direction of the external magnetic field, displays a continuous axion-photon duality symmetry in the limit…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-10-27 E. I. Guendelman

In this work, I study the mixing of photons with pseudoscalar particles and vice-versa in the presence of an external magnetic field and a pseudoscalar field. I solve exactly for the first time in the literature the equations of motion of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-05-11 Damian Ejlli

Dilatons ($\phi(x)$) are a class of bosonic scalar particles associated with scaling symmetry and its compensation (under the violations of the same). Due to two photon coupling, they can produce optical signatures in a magnetic field. In…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-01-24 Ankur Chaubey , Manoj K. Jaiswal , Avijit K. Ganguly

Pseudoscalar particles, with almost zero mass and very weak coupling to the visible matter, arise in many extensions of the standard model of particle physics. Their mixing with photons in the presence of an external magnetic field leads to…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-08-03 Avijit K. Ganguly , Pankaj Jain , Subhayan Mandal

The process of photon splitting, becomes allowed in the presence of strong magnetic field. We calculate the influence of magnetized plasma on the photon splitting absorption coefficient. We calculate the refraction coefficients and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Tomasz Bulik

Bhati and Arvind [Phys. Lett. A, 127955 (2022)] recently argued that in a specially designed experiment the timing of photon detection events demonstrates photon presence at a location at which they are not present according to the weak…

Neutrino-photon processes, forbidden in vacuum, can take place in the presence of a thermal medium and/or an external electro-magnetic field, mediated by the corresponding charged leptons (real or virtual). Such interactions affect the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Sushan Konar , Subinoy Das

Astronomical observations of the orbital angular momentum of photons, a property of electromagnetic radiation that has come to the fore in recent years, have apparently never been attempted. Here, I show that measurements of this property…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Martin Harwit

Radiation from a localized, oscillating charge distribution can have angular momentum that cannot be explained in classical electrodynamics. We consider the simplest example -- electric dipole radiation of a single photon -- and show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-13 Peter W. Milonni , G. Jordan Maclay