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Transverse mass spectra of pions and protons measured in central collisions of heavy ions at the SPS and at RHIC are compared to a hydrodynamic parameterization. While the chemical temperature needed at RHIC is significantly higher compared…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-09-13 T. Peitzmann

In hydrodynamic approach to relativistic heavy ion collisions, hadrons with nonzero spin, produced out of the hydrodynamic medium, can acquire polarization via spin-vorticity thermodynamic coupling mechanism. The hydrodynamical quantity…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-03-14 Iurii Karpenko , Francesco Becattini

The matter created in relativistic heavy ion collisions is fairly well described by ideal hydrodynamics, and somewhat better described by viscous hydrodynamics. To this point, most viscous calculations have been two-dimensional, based on an…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-04 Joshua Vredevoogd , Scott Pratt

We review several facets of the hydrodynamic description of the relativistic heavy ion collisions, starting from the historical motivation to the present understandings of the observed collective aspects of experimental data, especially…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-12-04 Rafael Derradi de Souza , Tomoi Koide , Takeshi Kodama

It is widely believed that the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) might be formed in the current heavy ion collisions. It is also widely recognized that the relativistic hydrodynamics is one of the best tools for describing the process of expansion…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-02-06 Zhi-Jin Jiang , Jia-Qi Hui , Yu Zhang

Ideal hydroynamics provides an excellent description of all aspects of the single-particle spectra of all hadrons with transverse momenta below about 1.5-2 GeV/c at RHIC. This is shown to require rapid local thermalization at a time scale…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-10-09 Ulrich W. Heinz

The idea that the parton system created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions (i) emerges in a state with transverse momenta close to thermodynamic equilibrium and (ii) its evolution at early times is dominated by the 2-dimensional…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 A. Bialas , M. Chojnacki , W. Florkowski

An alternative approach to solving the Landau-Khalatnikov problem on one-dimensional stage of expansion of hot hadronic matter created in collisions of high-energy particles or nuclei is suggested. Solving the relativistic hydrodynamics…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2019-06-11 A. M. Kamchatnov

We present the current status of hybrid approaches to describe heavy ion collisions and their future challenges and perspectives. First we present a hybrid model combining a Boltzmann transport model of hadronic degrees of freedom in the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-08-23 Marlene Nahrgang , Christoph Herold , Stefan Schramm , Marcus Bleicher

Hydrodynamic model simulations of Au-Au collisions at RHIC have indicated recently, that with improved simulations in the coming years, it may be feasible to quantify the viscosity of the matter produced in heavy ion collisions. To this…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Rudolf Baier , Paul Romatschke , Urs Achim Wiedemann

Results from the RHIC and LHC experiments show, that in relativistic heavy ion collisions, a new state of matter, a strongly interacting perfect fluid is created. Accelerating, exact and explicit solutions of relativistic hydrodynamics…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-02-14 Mate Csanad , Tamas Csorgo , Ze-Fang Jiang , Chun-Bin Yan

Using an analytical parameterization of hadronic freeze-out in relativistic heavy ion collisions, we present a detailed study of the connections between features of the freeze-out configuration and physical observables. We focus especially…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-11-10 Fabrice Retiere , Mike Lisa

We develop a combined hydro-kinetic approach which incorporates a hydrodynamical expansion of the systems formed in \textit{A}+\textit{A} collisions and their dynamical decoupling described by escape probabilities. The method corresponds to…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 S. V. Akkelin , Y. Hama , Iu. A. Karpenko , Yu. M. Sinyukov

Applications of a simple thermal model to ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions are presented. We compute abundances of various hadrons, including particles with strange quarks, the pT-spectra, and the HBT radii for the pion. Surprising…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-11-17 Wojciech Broniowski , Anna Baran , Wojciech Florkowski

A recently formulated framework of highly-anisotropic and strongly-dissipative hydrodynamics (ADHYDRO) is used to describe the evolution of matter created in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. New developments of the model contain:…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-05-27 Radoslaw Ryblewski , Wojciech Florkowski

We investigate freeze--out in hydrodynamic models for relativistic heavy--ion collisions. In particular, instantaneous freeze--out across a hypersurface of constant temperature (``isothermal'' freeze--out) is compared with that across a…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-10-30 S. Bernard , J. A. Maruhn , W. Greiner , D. H. Rischke

A hydrodynamic + cascade model of relativistic heavy ion collisions is presented and compared to available hadronic data from the SPS to RHIC. The model consistently reproduces the radial and elliptic flow data for different particles,…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-08-12 D. Teaney , J. Lauret , E. V. Shuryak

To study the energy-dependent characteristics of thermodynamic and hydrodynamic parameters, based on the framework of a multi-source thermal model, we analyze the soft transverse momentum ($p_{T}$) spectra of the charged particles…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-12-19 Xu-Hong Zhang , Hao-Ning Wang , Fu-Hu Liu , Khusniddin K. Olimov

Despite the apparent success of ideal hydrodynamics in describing the elliptic flow data which have been produced at Brookhaven National Lab's Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, one lingering question remains: is the use of ideal…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-10-18 Michael Strickland

It has long been debated whether the hydrodynamics is suitable for the smaller colliding systems such as p+p collisions. In this paper, by assuming the existence of longitudinal collective motion and long-range interactions in the hot and…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-12-05 Jiaqi Hui , Zhijin Jiang