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Related papers: Lepton Acceleration in Pulsar Wind Nebulae

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The main goal of our present work is to provide, for the first time, a simple computational tool that can be used to compute the brightness, the spectral index, the polarization, the time variability and the spectrum of the non-thermal…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2009-03-25 D. Volpi , L. Del Zanna , E. Amato , N. Bucciantini

Young pulsars produce relativistic winds which interact with matter ejected during the supernova explosion and the surrounding interstellar gas. Particles are accelerated to very high energies somewhere in the pulsar winds or at the shocks…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 W. Bednarek

Pulsars, or more generally rotation powered neutron stars, are excellent factories of antimatter in the Galaxy, in the form of pairs of electrons and positrons. Electrons are initially extracted from the surface of the star by the intense…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-07-28 Pasquale Blasi , Elena Amato

In this contribution we review the recent progress in the modeling of Pulsar Wind Nebulae (PWN). We start with a brief overview of the relevant physical processes in the magnetosphere, the wind-zone and the inflated nebula bubble. Radiative…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-03-16 Oliver Porth , Rolf Buehler , Barbara Olmi , Serguei Komissarov , Astrid Lamberts , Elena Amato , Yajie Yuan , Alexander Rudy

We review current theoretical ideas on pulsar winds and their surrounding nebulae. Relativistic MHD models of the wind of the aligned rotator, and of the striped wind, together with models of magnetic dissipation are discussed. It is shown…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 J. G. Kirk , Y. Lyubarsky , J. Petri

The standard approach to the long term evolution of pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) is based on one-zone models treating the nebula as a uniform system. In particular for the late phase of evolved systems, many of the generally used…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-10-07 R. Bandiera , N. Bucciantini , J. Martin , B. Olmi , D. F. Torres

High-energy particle transport in pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) plays an essential role in explaining the characteristics revealed in multiwavelength observations. In this paper, the TeV-gamma-ray-emitting electrons in the Vela X PWN are…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-07-04 Yiwei Bao , Siming Liu , Yang Chen

A rotating pulsar creates a surrounding pulsar wind nebula (PWN) by steadily releasing an energetic wind into the interior of the expanding shockwave of supernova remnant or interstellar medium. At the termination shock of a PWN, the…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2020-07-15 Yingchao Lu , Fan Guo , Patrick Kilian , Hui Li , Chengkun Huang , Edison Liang

Pulsars and their pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) are unique laboratories for extreme astrophysical processes. This dissertation combines Fermi-LAT observations with a time-dependent leptonic PWN model (TIDE) to explore their gamma-ray emission.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-17 Wei Zhang

Pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe), especially the young ones, are among the most energetic astrophysical sources in the Galaxy. It is usually believed that the spin-down energy injected from the pulsars is converted into magnetic field and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-16 Xuan-Han Liang , Xiao-Bin Chen , Ben Li , Ruo-Yu Liu , Xiang-Yu Wang

We study the transport of high-energy particles in pulsar wind nebulae (PWN) using three-dimensional MHD (see Porth et al. (2014) for details) and test-particle simulations, as well as a Fokker-Planck particle transport model. The latter…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-07-27 O. Porth , M. J. Vorster , M. Lyutikov , N. E. Engelbrecht

In the recent paper we calculated the $\gamma$-ray spectra from pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe), assuming that a significant amount of the pulsar rotational energy is converted into relativistic nuclei. These nuclei accelerate leptons which are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 W. Bednarek

For pulsars similar to the one in the Crab Nebula, most of the energy input to the surrounding wind nebula occurs on a timescale of less than 1000 years; during this time, the nebula expands into freely expanding supernova ejecta. On a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 John M. Blondin , Roger A. Chevalier , Dargan M. Frierson

Bow shock pulsar wind nebulae (BSPWNe) are know to show a large variety of shapes and morphologies, both when comparing different objects, and for the same object in different energy bands. It is unclear if such a variety is related to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-02-13 Barbara Olmi , Niccolo' Bucciantini

We study the acceleration of electrons and positrons at an electromagnetically modified, ultra-relativistic shock in the context of pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe). We simulate the outflow produced by an obliquely rotating pulsar in proximity of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-02-08 Simone Giacchè , John G. Kirk

A significative fraction of high mass stars sail away through the interstellar medium of the galaxies. Once they evolved and died via a core collapse supernova, a magnetized, rotating neutron star (a pulsar) is usually their leftover. The…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-09-25 D. M. A. Meyer , Z Meliani , D. F. Torres

Produced by the interaction between the ``pulsar wind'' powered by the rotational energy of a neutron star and its surroundings, the study of pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) provides vital insight into the physics of neutron star magnetospheres…

The interaction between a pulsar wind nebula (PWN) and its host supernova remnant (SNR) can produce a vast array of observable structures. Asymmetry present within these structures derives from the complexity of the composite system, where…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-07-26 Christopher Kolb , John Blondin , Patrick Slane , Tea Temim

We present the first images of the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) MSH 15-52 in the hard X-ray band (>8 keV), as measured with the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR). Overall, the morphology of the PWN as measured by NuSTAR in the 3-7…

Pulsar winds shocked in the ambient medium produce spectacular nebulae observable from the radio through gamma-rays. The shape and the spectrum of a pulsar wind nebula (PWN) depend on the angular distribution, magnetization and energy…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-29 O. Kargaltsev , G. G. Pavlov